Meet Nancy
Advocate and Founder of Champion Women
About Nancy Hogshead-Makar
Life-long advocate for access and equality in athletics, internationally recognized legal expert on sports issues, scholar and author Nancy Hogshead-Makar has a commitment to equality, using sport as a vehicle for social change. As one of the foremost exponents for gender equity, she advocates for access and equality in sports participation. Legal issues include sexual harassment, sexual abuse and assault, employment, pregnancy, and legal enforcement under Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972. Her book, co-authored with Andrew Zimbalist, Equal Play, Title IX and Social Change, has received acclaim since its release by Temple University Press. She was the lead author of Pregnant and Parenting Student-Athletes; Resources and Model Policies, published by the NCAA, and her book chapter, The Ethics of Title IX and Gender Equity for Coaches, appears in The Ethics of Coaching Sports; Moral, Social and Legal Issues, edited by Robert L. Simon.
Hogshead-Makar has testified in Congress numerous times on the topic of gender equity in athletics, written numerous scholarly and lay articles, and has been a frequent guest on national news programs on the topic, including 60 Minutes, Fox News, CNN, ESPN, NPR, MSNBC and network morning news programming. She serves as an expert witness in Title IX cases and has written amicus briefs representing athletic organizations in precedent-setting litigation. From 2003 – 2012 she was the Co-Chair of American Bar Association Committee on the Rights of Women. She was elected to the editorial board of the Journal of Intercollegiate Sport. Sports Illustrated magazine listed her as one of the most influential people in the history of Title IX.
Hogshead-Makar practiced law at the law firm of Holland & Knight, in both their litigation and public law departments. She was a tenured Professor of Law at the Florida Coastal School of Law, where she taught Torts, Sports Law and Gender Equity in Athletics courses for twelve years. Hogshead-Makar had a 30 year history with the Women’s Sports Foundation, starting as a college intern, becoming the third President from 1992-94, it’s the legal advisor from 2003-10, and serving as a consultant as the Senior Director of Advocacy until 2014. She earned her law degree from Georgetown University Law Center and is an honors graduate of Duke University.
Hogshead-Makar has received significant awards recognizing her commitment to athletics, including: an honorary doctorate from Springfield College, induction into the Academic All-America Hall of Fame and the International Scholar-Athlete Hall of Fame, the Hall of Fame for the National Association for Sports and Physical Education, and receipt of the National Association of Collegiate Women Athletic Administrators’ “Honor Award”. In 2011 she was presented with the National Organization for Women’s “Courage Award,” and was inducted into the National Consortium for Academics and Sports Hall of Fame. In 2012 she was awarded the “Title IX Advocate Award” from the Alliance of Women Coaches. In 2014 she was awarded the “Babe Didrikson Zaharias” Award.
Hogshead-Makar capped eight years as a world class swimmer at the 1984 Olympics, where she won three Gold medals and one Silver medal. Through high school and college dual meets she was undefeated. Other major awards include the Nathan Mallison Award, given to Florida’s outstanding athlete, and the prestigious Kiphuth Award, given to the best all-around swimmer nationally. Nancy has been inducted into eleven halls of fame, including the International Swimming Hall of Fame and the International Women’s Sports Hall of Fame.
She and her husband Scott Makar, a judge on Florida’s First District Court of Appeal, have a son and twin daughters. They are continuously restoring their 1920s Mediterranean home.
Professional Activities
Champion Women, 2014 – current
Founder and CEO
Champion Women provides legal expertise for girls and women in sports, investing in projects designed to get change to scale. Subjects include: equal play, such as traditional Title IX compliance in athletic departments, sexual harassment, abuse and assault in sport, as well as employment, pregnancy and LGBT discrimination.
Women’s Sports Foundation, 1985 – 2014
2010 – 2014, Senior Director of Advocacy (independent consultant)
Responsibilities include all public policy issues; identifying effective strategies for change, forming coalitions, writing persuasive memos, articles and legal memoranda, and executing strategy. Extensive media and public speaking.
2003 – 2010, Legal Advisor
1995 – 2003, Board of Stewards
1992 – 1995, President
1990 – 1992, Vice-President
1985 – 1990, Board Member
1985, Summer intern
Florida Coastal School of Law, Jacksonville, Florida.
2007 – 2013, Full Professor with tenure
2004 – 2007, Associate Professor
2001 – 2004, Assistant Professor
Courses Taught & Teaching Awards:
- Torts I and Torts II, Sports Law, Amateur Sports Law, Sports Law Seminar, Gender Equity in Athletics Seminar, Sports Law Skills, Products Liability.
- Steadily mentored independent study projects and oversaw research assistants.
- “Favorite 1L Professor” 2004.
- Sports Business Law, University of Central Florida’s DeVos Sport Business Management Program, Orlando, Florida, 2003.
- (List of service to school available upon request)
Holland & Knight, LLP, Jacksonville and New York City offices
1997 – 2001, Litigation and Public Law Departments
Represented both plaintiffs and defendants in Title IX matters, among many others.
Professional Activities
Civil rights lawyer, representing girls and women in sport. Beyond writing, legal activities, public speaking and media (see below), projects included:
- Legal memos to Division I universities who are most out of compliance with Title IX in athletics, as measured by the university’s self-disclosed data in the Equity in Athletics Disclosure Act. Video description of the project: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6bHG2rVVlrI.
- Seven year effort to create a separate, independent entity to investigate and sanction sexually abusing coaches, outside the United States Olympic Committee. The U.S. Center for SafeSport opened in March, 2017.
- Draft federal legislation to create entity to investigate and sanction sexually abusing coaches, akin to the United States Anti-Doping Association.
- Cooperation with congressional representatives re; sexual abuse in club and Olympic sports.
- Legal memos re; SafeSport Code, and sign-ons in efforts to assure proper policies, jurisdiction and procedures for SafeSport, the new entity tasked with investigating and sanctioning sexually abusing people in power in club and Olympic sports: http://www.childusa.org/policy/other/
- Summarized SafeSport Code: goo.gl/vHRk4P
- Eight year effort to get legal protections from sexual abuse for children and athletes in club and Olympic sports.
- Numerous presentations to stakeholders; wrote scholarly and lay articles, media appearances about the lack of legal protections for club and Olympic athletes, particularly the difference between sexual abuse in schools versus the same behavior in club and Olympic sports.
- Successfully urged the United States Olympic Committee’s board to require National Governing Bodies to prohibit romantic and sexual relationships between coaches and athletes, regardless of age or consent, 2012, to be implemented January 1, 2014.
- Drafted federal legislation to amend the Ted Stevens Olympic and Amateur Sports Act, 36 U.S.C. Sec. 220501 et seq. in 2013 to protect athletes from sexual abuse.
- 135 letters, Change.org petition with 9100 signatures, and media campaign to get Rick Butler out of coaching volleyball, after he was found to have sexually abused at least five of his underage athletes. Rick Butler has now been banned from USA Volleyball, the AAU and the Junior Volleyball Association.
- Represented 19 swimming victims of sexual abuse at their hands of their coaches, in a petition to prevent the sport’s Executive Director from Hall of Fame induction. Victims asserted that Swimming’s leadership knew about sexual predator-coaches, but did not protect the athletes from these coaches. Chuck Wielgus withdrew his candidacy after five days: http://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/olympics/2014/06/02/chuck-wielgus-usa-swimming-hall-of-fame/9893275/
- Represented Speedskater Bridie Farrell, who was sexually molested by sport leader Andy Gabel, when she was 15 and he was 33. Petition to remove Gabel from the sport’s Hall of Fame, supported by 66 Speedskaters: http://www.change.org/p/u-s-olympic-speedskating-board-of-directors-remove-andy-gabel-from-the-speedskating-hall-of-fame-and-revoke-his-lifetime-membership-in-u-s-speedskating.
- Drafted and circulated letter in support of S. 534. Signed by 55 organizations and 183 individuals, including experts in protection, Olympic and Professional athletes, some of whom were victims of coach-sexual abuse, Hall of Fame coaches, sport industry leaders.
http://files.constantcontact.com/b1807338401/a7d1e643-0cac-4f5f-8e02-a069f54840d9.pdf - Letter writing campaign to support Senator Dianne Feinstein’s legislation S. 534 and H.R. 1873, sponsored by Susan Brooks to pass the “Protecting Young Victims from Sexual Abuse and Safe Sport Authorization Act https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/senate-bill/534/text#toc-H08F374415D844FC7969237A61710148B
- Online Change.org Campaign with 136,725 signatures supporting the SafeSport Act. https://www.change.org/p/pass-the-protecting-young-victims-from-sexual-abuse-act
- Feinstein and Congress Press Conference re; celebrating the passage of “Protecting Young Victims from Sexual Abuse and the Safe Sport Authorization Act”, S. 534 and H.R. 1973: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F7vh4TK_o0s
- Gathered international support for world’s elite female soccer players to play on grass, instead of turf. https://www.coworker.org/petitions/fifa-the-world-cup-should-be-played-on-natural-grass http://www.womenssportsfoundation.org/en/home/media-center-2/statements-and-media-responses/september-24-2014-statement.
- Wrote and organized support for NCAA re-structuring after Northwestern, a legal ruling allowing football players to unionize under labor law.
- Co-wrote and organized 56 organizations and individuals to support Office for Civil Rights 2011 Guidance on peer sexual violence in education. http://ow.ly/MS8Ka.
- Wrote and organized letter sign-on to NCAA on revenue distribution, to be consistent with the educational mission of athletics, rather revenue based on winning.
- Wrote and organized protest of the NCAA’s failure to monitor member institution’s Title IX compliance through a mechanism formerly called “Certification.”
- Wrote letters to NCAA leadership re; structuring Certification’s replacement, Institutional Performance Program (IPP), with support from the original drafters of Certification.
- Incorporated research into support for state legislation that now requires schools to publish the number of male and female students provided with a sports experience.
- Wrote and organized petition to remove GoDaddy! as a sponsor of intercollegiate sports.
- Featured in, We Are Straight Allies Campaign, in support of the human rights ordinance in, 2013 – 2017; available at: https://wearestraightallies.com/tag/nancy-hogshead-makar/.
Supporting materials available upon request.
Education
- Georgetown University Law Center, D., 1997
- Duke University, A. cum laude, Political Science and Women’s Studies, 1986 President’s Leadership Award
Swimming Achievements
- 1984, won three gold medals and one silver medal at the Los Angeles Olympics. The most decorated swimmer at the Games.
- 1977, at the age of 14, the only American swimmer to be ranked number one in the world in an international event.
- In 2000, ranked by Sports Illustrated as Florida’s 13th greatest athlete of the 20th Century.
- Numerous records during eight years on the United States National Swimming Team.
- Undefeated in High School and Collegiate dual meet competitions.
Major Swimming Awards:
Nathan Mallison Award, Florida’s outstanding amateur athlete, 1978.
Kiphuth Award, the best all-around U.S. swimmer, 1984.
Sullivan Award nominee, 1978.
Comeback Swimmer of the Year Award, 1983.
Member of thirteen halls of fame, including the International Swimming Hall of Fame.
Leadership Positions
- Board Member, Aspen Institute, “Sport and Society” 2011 – Present
- Advisory Board Member, Association of Title IX Administrators “ATIXA” 2011 – 2017
- National Advisory Council, One Love Foundation, 2015 – Present
- NCAA Gender Equity Taskforce, 10 person, 2015 – 2017
- LGBT Sports Coalition Member (Champion Women membership) 2015.
- National Coalition for Women and Girls in Education. (Champion Women membership) 2015- Present.
- Executive Committee Member, World Olympians Association, 2014 – 2015
- Trustee, St. Johns Country Day School; pre-K – 12.
- Evaluator, United States Anti-Doping Agency (“USADA”) for missed and positive drug tests. Participate in hearings to determine if a “missed test” will be considered a “positive test”. 2003-2014
- Co-Chair, American Bar Association (ABA) Committee on the Rights of Women. (2004-2013)
- Board Member; The Forum for the Scholarly Study of Intercollegiate Athletics in Higher Education. (2009 – 2013)
- Editorial Board Member; the Journal of Intercollegiate Sport. (2009 – 2013)
- The Florida Governor’s Council on Physical Fitness, The council provided Governor Crist with a state plan of action to promote physical fitness and nutrition, particularly among children. (2007- 2010)
- Founding Member of FCSL’s Sports Law Center, offering students a certificate in Sports Law program. 2004-2013.
Current Local Leadership Positions: Baptist Hospital, Women’s Community Advisory Council
Scholarship
Books:
- EQUAL PLAY: TITLE IX AND SOCIAL POLICY, co-authored with Andrew Zimbalist, economist at Smith College, Temple University Press, November, 2007.
- NCAA PREGNANT AND PARENTING STUDENT-ATHLETES: RESOURCES AND MODEL POLICIES, November 2008. With d Elizabeth A. Sorensen, Ph.D., RN, CNOR, FAR.
- The materials include a review of federal law and NCAA rules impacting treatment of pregnant and parenting student-athletes, and model policies for coaches, athletics trainers and administrators. http://www.ncaa.org/about/resources/inclusion/pregnant-parenting-student-athletes
- ASTHMA AND EXERCISE, Henry Hold and Company. Stories of successful world-class athletes controlling their asthma, and gives detailed instruction for asthmatics to exercise safely, with Gerald Cousins, 1990.
Book Chapters:
- The Ethics of Title IX and Gender Equity for Coaches, in THE ETHICS OF COACHING SPORTS; MORAL, SOCIAL AND LEGAL ISSUES, edited by Robert L. Simon, 2013. http://digitalcommons.brockport.edu/bookshelf/304/
- S. Klein (Ed.)., HANDBOOK FOR ACHIEVING GENDER EQUITY THROUGH EDUCATION, Sage Publications. (2007). Co-authored a chapter regarding gender equity in physical education and sport with Staurowsky, E. J., N., Kane, M. J., Lerner, P., Wughalter, E., & Yiamyiannis, A. (2007). http://www.feminist.org/education/HandbookContents.pdf
- CREATING AMERICA, READING AND WRITING ARGUMENTS, 4th Edition, The Ongoing Battle Over Title IX. Chapter in undergraduate text on persuasive writing.
- Success Is A Learned Skill; in AWAKEN THE OLYMPIAN WITHIN, (2000). Edited by John Naber.
Law Review Articles:
- Nancy Hogshead-Makar, Hurricane Warning Flags for All Olympic Sports: Biedieger v. Quinnipiac, BOSTON COLLEGE LAW REVIEW, Spring 2011. Available at: http://lawdigitalcommons.bc.edu/bclr/vol52/iss2/4/
- Argues that men’s Olympic sports should pay attention to the tricks being played against women as revealed in the most recent case, Biediger v. Quinnipiac. The university practices cheated women out of real athletic experiences. Men’s Olympic sports are next, inevitably. Our futures are tied, and we should work to preserve the educational mission of athletics.
- Over 750 full-text downloads
- Nancy Hogshead-Makar, Attitudes, Platitudes and the Collegiate Sports Arms Race: Unsustainable Spending and Its Consequences for Olympic and Women’s Sports, JOURNAL ON INTERCOLLEGIATE SPORTS, Vol. 3, Issue 1, June 2010. 4
- Despite collegiate athletic budgets increasing at 7% per year for the past decade (well ahead of spending in education broadly), very little of that money is going to expand opportunities for men and women in athletics, and that the undue focus on two men’s sports creates a very difficult employment and administrative environment for women.
- Foul Play; Department of Education Creates Huge Title IX Compliance Loophole, with Donna Lopiano, CEO of the Women’s Sports Foundation, BARNARD SCHOLAR & FEMINIST ONLINE, The Cultural Value of Sport: Title IX & Beyond, June 2006. Peer-reviewed interdisciplinary journal.
- Nancy Hogshead-Makar, Tilting the Playing Field: Schools, Sports, Sex and Title IX, 13 UCLA WOMEN’S L.J. 101 (2004).
- Nancy Hogshead-Makar & Daniel L. Marburger, Is Title IX Really to Blame for the Decline in Intercollegiate Men’s Non- Revenue Sports?, 14 MARQ. SPORTS L.J 65 (2003).
- Included in Philip T.K. Daniel and E. Gordon Gee’s LAW, POLICY AND HIGHER EDUCATION, to be published by Matthew Bender & Company, Inc., 2013
- Excerpted in SPORTS LAW AND REGULATION, by Matthew Mitten, Timothy Davis, Rodney Smith and Robert Berry, Aspen Publications, 2009.
- Nancy Hogshead-Makar & Shelden E. Steinbach, Intercollegiate Athletics’ Unique Environments for Sexual Harassment Claims: Balancing the Realities of Athletics with Preventing Potential Claims, 13 MARQ. SPORTS L.J. 173 (2003).
- Playing the Quota Card, Letter to 60 Minutes (Dec. 2002), 27 JOURNAL OF SPORT & SOCIAL ISSUES 89 (2003) (lead article in a peer-reviewed interdisciplinary journal) http://jss.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/27/2/87.pdf
- The Ongoing Battle Over Title IX, USA TODAY MAGAZINE (SOCIETY FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF EDUCATION) (July 2003) pp.64-66.
Legal and Editorial Writing:
- Author: Empower, Don’t Employ Student Athletes, ESPN, Apr. 4, 2014; available at: http://espn.go.com/espnw/news-commentary/article/10728589/empower-employ-student-athletes.
- Author: Mattel Uses Barbie to Titillate Adult Male Sports Fans, Huffington Post, February 28, 2014. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/nancy-hogsheadmakar/mattel-uses-barbie-to-tittillate-adult-male-sports-fans_b_4876551.html.
- Co-Author: In school sports the level playing field runs both ways: As I See It, Penn Live, May 16, 2013.
- Author: Lessons Learned From Title IX: Life-Long Benefits from Sports Should be Available To All Aspen Institute, May 30, 2012.
- Author: Olympic Athletes Need Better Protections Against Sexual Harassment and Assault, October 12, 2012. https://www.womenssportsfoundation.org/education/nancy-hogshead-makar-olympic-athletes-need-better-protections-from-sexual-harassment-and-assault/.
- Co-Author: Chronicle of Higher Ed, Setting a Realistic Standard of Proof in Sexual-Misconduct Cases, October 2012, http://chronicle.com/article/Setting-a-Realistic-Standard/135084/ with Brett Sokolow.
- Author: Op-ed for Jacksonville Times Union: Boys aren’t being hurt by Title IX July 2012. http://jacksonville.com/2012-07-21/story/boys-arent-being-hurt-title-ix.
- Blog post for MomsTeam: For Kids Under 12, Sports Not About Winning http://www.momsteam.com/blog/may-sports-moms-month/nancy-hogshead-makar-kids-under-12-sports-not-about-winning.
- Author: “Tie Money To Values” Chronicle of Higher Education, January 2012. http://chronicle.com/article/NCAA-Nancy-Hogshead-Makar/130074/.
- Author: MomsRising: “A Parent’s Decision to Empower Through Sports” Feb 2011 http://www.momsrising.org/blog/a-parent%E2%80%99s-decision-to-empower-thru-sports/.
- Author: New York Times front page story: Hogshead-Makar response to, Flag Football adopted in Florida High Schools http://www.nytimes.com/2010/05/23/sports/23inbox.html?scp=4&sq=hogshead-makar&st=nyt.
- Author: New York Newsday, “Title IX Ruling Could Help Cheerleading Attain NCAA Recognition,” Aug. 14, 2010; available at: http://www.nydailynews.com/sports/college/2010/08/14/2010-08-14_three_cheers_for_title_ix_ruling.html?print=1&page=all.
- Author: ESPN.com, “Title IX Remains Viable and Necessary” regarding Beidiger v. Quinnipiac, Aug. 9, 2010; available at: http://sports.espn.go.com/espn/commentary/news/story?page=hogshead-makar/100809.
- Author: Women’s Sports Foundation responds to John Stossel with Fact Check: http://www.womenssportsfoundation.org/home/media-center/december-18-2010-media-response
- Author: Women’s Sports Foundation responds to the CSC regarding Tennis:
- http://www.womenssportsfoundation.org/home/media-center/september-1-2010-media-response.
- Author: Women’s Sports Foundation responds to CSC regarding Soccer:
- http://www.womenssportsfoundation.org/home/media-center/june-10-2010-media-response.
- Author: Women’s Sports Foundation responds to Beidiger v. Quinnipiac:
- http://www.womenssportsfoundation.org/home/media-center/july-21-2010-press-release.
- Author: How to Stop Sexual Abuse in Sports, Athletic Business, January 2018; available at: https://www.athleticbusiness.com/athlete-safety/how-to-stop-sexual-abuse-in-sports.html?bid=1976409&%3Beid=63819669
- Author: #MeToo shows need for tighter rules in club and Olympic sports, ESPN, October 26, 2017; available at: http://www.espn.com/espnw/voices/article/21127152/nancy-hogshead-makar-metoo-shows-need-tighter-rules-club-olympic-sports
- Author of letter within USA Today article, Attorneys call for USA Swimming chief to be fired, March 31, 2017.
- “Sexual Assault on Campus: 9 Views on What Will Signal Progress; Hogshead-Makar, When Victims Have the Tools to Recover, Chronicle of Higher Ed, 2016.
- Author: Believing victims is the first step in addressing effects of sexual violence and Title IX compliance, Title IX Today, April 10, 2015.
Legal Activites
Amicus Brief in Support of Precedent-Setting Litigation:
- Author and counsel of record, Amicus Curiae Brief in support of plaintiffs in Ollier v. Sweetwater Union High School District, et al., in the Ninth Circuit, Civil Case No. 07cv714L (WMC), May 22, 2013. Other parties that signed onto the brief were the American Volleyball Coaches Association, Coaching Corps, The Dad Man / Dads and Daughters, the Drake Group, the Feminist Majority Foundation, Girls Inc., Hadassah, The Women’s Zionist Organization of America, Inc., the National Organization for Women (NOW) Foundation, the National Law Center of Maryland, Inc., and the Women’s Law Project.
- Author and counsel of record, Amicus Curiae Brief in support of plaintiffs in Mansourian v. Regents of the University of California, et al., in the Ninth Circuit, Civil Case No. 03-cv-02591-FCD-EFB, February 9, 2009. Other parties that signed onto the brief were the National Association for Girls and Women in Sport (NAGWS), the Feminist Majority Foundation, Northeastern University Center Sport in Society, Dads & Daughters®, and the Sporting Goods Manufacturing Association (SGMA).
- Author and counsel of record, Amicus Curiae Brief in support of the Petitioner Brief, Jackson v. Birmingham Board of Education, Case No. 02-1672 (U.S. 2004). 124 S. Ct. 2834 (U.S. 2004). http://www.supremecourtus.gov/opinions/counsellists/cl544-1a.html Other parties that signed onto the brief were the Myra Sadker Advocates, National Association for Girls and Women in Sport (NAGWS), National Association of Collegiate Women Athletics Administrators (NACWAA), National Consortium of Academics and Sports (NCAS), Northeaster University’s Center for the Study of Sport in Society (CSSS), Dads & Daughters®.
- Author, Amicus Brief, Koebke v. Bernardo Heights Country Club, Fourth Appellate District Court of California, Division 1, Case No. GIC 767256 (2003). Amicus brief in support of petitioner, a lesbian golfer seeking golf club family benefits for her partner. Published at: http://www.nclrights.org/cases/pdf/koebke_opinion.pdf.
- Declaration in Heather Sue Mercer v. Duke University, 301 F. Supp. 2d 454, 463 (M.D.N.C. 2004) (declaration quoted in district court’s attorney fees’ order in support of Mercer.)
Legal Cases:
- Fawcett et al v. Willamette University; represented rowers and female athletes at Willamette to start new sports. (2016 – 2017)
- Barrs v. Southern Conference. In a budget-cutting move, the Southern Conference cut twice as many women’s teams as men’s teams in post-season competitions. Settlement agreement restores game schedule and agreement not to make changes. (2011).
- Cook v. Florida High School Athletic Association. In a budget-cutting move, the Florida High School Athletic Association cut the number of games for all students by 2-% – 40%, but exempting 30% of male athletes. All competitions restored. Settlement requires annual training for membership on Title IX and a Florida Statute that also requires gender equity in education. (2009) http://ow.ly/69EbE.
- University of North Florida Agrees to Reinstate Swimming, after amicable discussions. http://jacksonville.com/sports/college/north-florida-ospreys/2010-04-08/story/unf-reinstates-womens-swimming-and-diving-team.
Expert Witness:
- Expert Witness, Leader v. Harvard University
- Expert Witness, Duffield v. University of Mary
- Expert Witness, Eginoire v. Indianola Community School District, et. al.,
- Expert Witness, Burns v. University of California at San Diego
- Legal Consultant, for plaintiff against Florida State University and Jameis Winston sexual assault dispute, 2014-2016
- Represented Mary Tappmeyer, University of North Florida Basketball Coach 2016.
- Expert Witness, Knutson v. Foster, 2016
- Expert Witness, Joan Roe v. St. Louis University, 2009 – 2013.
- Title IX Advisor, University of Colorado. Lisa Simpson and another woman were raped during their football recruiting trip to the university. Appointment was agreed upon by Plaintiff and Defense counsel in Simpson v. University of Colorado.
- Title IX Advisor, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
- Expert witness, Title VII and IX employment case, Schmidt v. California State University (San Diego State University)
- Legal Consultant for female soccer players regarding a sexual harassment lawsuit against their soccer coach at Rollins College. (2005-2007)
- Expert Witness, Title IX case in Colorado, Jessica Wieker, et al. v. Mesa County Valley School District No. 51,
- Expert Witness, Norris v. Thrall ISD, et al.
Public Speaking
United States Congressional Testimony and Published Remarks:
- U.S. Senate Hearing, Spokesperson, Olympic Athletes Together Honorably (OATH),
chaired by Senator John McCain, regarding the International Olympic Committee’s response to performance enhancing drugs (October, 1999). - S. Senate Hearing, April 7, 2003, Women’s Caucus Published at: www.clt.astate.edu/marburger/hogshead_title_ix.htm;
- S. Senate Hearing, Before the Committee of Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions, on “Title IX: Building on 30 Years of Progress; Examining the Implementation and Progress of Title IX of The Education Amendments Act of 1972, Which Prohibits Sex Discrimination in All Aspects of Education” (June 27, 2002) Testimony at 26-28; prepared statement at 29-31. Published at: https://research.flagler.edu:9024/universe/document?_m+fbc105151d471354f8a1774647584; http://www.womenspolicy.org/thesource/article.cfm?articleid=307
- S. Senate Testimony on June 28, 2006, before the U.S. House Committee on Education and the Workforce. Testimony available at: http://www.house.gov/ed_workforce/hearings/109th/fc/firsttee062806/wl062806.htm
- Responses to House Member’s posed questions available at: http://www.womenssportsfoundation.org/cgi-bin/iowa/issues/rights/article.html?record=1144; http://www.aahperd.org/nagws/titleix/pdf/House-Testimony.pdf
- U.S. Senator Feinstein’s Press Conference regarding Congress’s passage of the “Safe Sport Act” on January 30, 2018. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F7vh4TK_o0s&feature=youtu.be
- U.S. Senate Testimony before the Senate HELP Committee June 20, 2012. The witness list: Billie Jean King, Nancy Hogshead-Makar, Dr. Mae Carol Jemison, Rear Admiral Sandra L. Stosz
- Anniversary of Title IX
- http://www.help.senate.gov/hearings/hearing/?id=e09e339f-5056-9502-5d63-1d8ba1cbf499
Significant Speeches:
- Speaker, Republican Women’s Club of Duval Federated, Sexual Abuse in Sports, Mar. 8, 2018.
- Speaker, Federalist Society, Panel Discussion – College Sexual Violence: Why the 2011 Dear Colleague Letter Should be Reinstated, Feb. 4, 2018.
- Speaker, DeVos Distinguished Speaker Series, Sexual Abuse in College, Club, and Olympic Sports, Feb. 2, 2018.
- Speaker, Women’s March Florida – Jacksonville, Women, Sports, Institutional Sexism, and the #MeToo Movement, Jan. 21, 2018.
- Keynote Speaker, University of Washington at Oshkosh, Gender Equity in Sports: Why You Should Be an Advocate Even If You’ve Never Done a Sit-Up, Apr. 5, 2017.
- Speaker, Harvard, Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study, Sports and Sexual Violence: A Community Discussion, Apr. 4, 2017.
- Speaker, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign College of Law, Suja Thomas’ Sports Law Class, The History and Theory of Title IX in Athletics, Mar. 15, 2017.
- Speaker, Women’s Leadership Forum, Panel Discussion – Fit to Lead: Conditioning the Mind, Body, and Soul, Jacksonville, Mar. 9, 2017.
- Keynote Speaker, Florida State College at Jacksonville, Women’s History Month, Discussing Title IX Issues, Mar. 6, 2017.
- Keynote Speaker, Duke Fuqua School of Business, Resilience, Durham, NC, Feb. 8, 2017.
- Keynote Speaker, Atlanta Rotary, Take Your Daughter to Work Day, Atlanta, GA, Dec. 19, 2016.
- Speaker, Campaigning for Hillary Clinton, with Feminist Majority, National Organization for Women, and Planned Parenthood, Nov. 2-5, 2016.
- Speaker, University of Virginia, Siva Vaidhyanathan’s Class, Charlottesville, VA, Oct. 31, 2016.
- Keynote speaker, National Consortium for Academics and Sports, Giant Steps Award Banquet and Hall of Fame Induction Ceremony, Activism in Athletics, Orlando, FL, Oct. 26, 2016.
- Speaker, Generation W, Preventing Sexual Abuse in Sport, March 2016.
- Speaker, American Bar Association, Section of Civil Rights and Justice, “Part 5 – Campus Sexual Assault: Role of Courts,” Moderated by Kristen M. Galles, Section Mar. 10, 2016; available at: https://www.americanbar.org/groups/crsj/events_cle/campus-sexual-assault-teleconference-series–a-civil-rights-pers.html.
- Speaker, National Conference for College Women Student Leaders, “Advocacy as Leadership,” University of Maryland, 2015.
- Speaker, Young Women’s Leadership Forum, National Organization for Women, Washington D.C., 2015.
- Speaker, Alliance for Women Coaches, Stronger Together; Advocacy, Kansas City, KS, July 2015.
- Keynote Speaker, National Pi Beta Phi Sorority, Leadership, Chicago, 2015.
- Speaker, Women’s Basketball Coaching Association, Advocacy is Leadership, Orlando, FL, 2015.
- Keynote Speaker, Carroll University, Sports and Sexual Violence; a cultural crossroads, Founder’s Day Convocation, Feb. 5, 2015.
- Keynote Speaker, My Sister’s Place, Sexual Violence – A Cultural Crossroad, Oct. 30, 2014.
- Speaker, NCAA Inclusion Forum, Women’s Sports Foundations Strategies for Achieving Gender Equity, May 2, 2014.
- Keynote Speaker, Karpovich Lecture, Springfield College, Title IX: We won right? So, why the stubborn disparities in athletics? Apr. 21, 2014.
- Keynote Speaker, University of North Carolina at Ashville, The Power of Taking a Stand, Apr. 15, 2014.
- Speaker, Rotary district 6900, Leadership¸ with Vince Dooley and Admiral Peter Booth, Apr. 25, 2014.
- Presenter, National Women’s History Museum, Game Changers: Women and Sports, Google Connect Classroom, Mar. 31, 2014.
- Speaker, Jacksonville University, What Every Student Can Do to Achieve Gender Equity at Their School, Mar. 7, 2014.
- Speaker, Aspen Institute, Project Play Summit, Feb. 25, 2015.
- Keynote speaker, Sports Lawyers Association annual meeting, Orlando, Feb. 2014. (discussing legal landscape for sexual abuse in club and Olympic sports; compared and contrasted with criminal law and civil law.).
- Speaker, American Bar Association, SOGI V. SOCHI; Olympic Boycott Considerations for Putin’s New Anti-Gay and Lesbian Laws, Chicago, IL, Feb. 2014.
- Keynote Speaker, DeVos Distinguished Lecture Series; Title IX for Business School Students; an Athlete-Centric View, Orlando, FL, Feb. 2, 2014.
- Keynote Speaker; Sport and Recreation Lawyers Association; Sanctioning Sexual Abusers in Olympic Sports; solving hurdles created by the unique legal landscape. Orlando, FL, Feb. 28, 2014.
- Speaker, Jacksonville University Leadership Conference; Title IX; The Most Important Legislation Since Women Earned the Right to Vote, Jacksonville, FL, Mar. 2014.
- Speaker, National Girls and Women in Sports Day, Protecting Club and Olympic Athletes from Sexual Abuse; Athletes Not Protected by Title IX, Washington, DC, Feb. 2014.
- Keynote Speaker, US Olympic Committee Women and Minority Leadership Conference, Employment Law Protections for Gender Equity Advocates, Colorado Springs, Colorado, Nov. 2013.
- Speaker, NCAA Inclusion NCAA Inclusion Forum, The NCAA’s 1993 Commitment to Women to Hold Members Accountable for Gender Equity, Indianapolis, IN, May 2013.
- Keynote Speaker, Int’l Swim Coaches Association, Protecting Athletes from Sexual Abuse with Legal Changes, Clearwater, FL, Aug. 28, 2013.
- Speaker, Association of Title IX Administrators, Annual Conference, Special Risks of Sexual Assault From the Athletics Department, Napa, CA, Aug. 2013.
- Keynote Speaker, International Olympic Committee, Los Angeles 2013.
- Speaker, Doha, Qatar as part of DohaGOALS symposium. Dec. 9-13, 2012.
- “The mission of the forum is to recognize sports ability to offer a level playing field on which everyone is an equal participant.”
- Speaker, Harvard University, A Legal Gap in Addressing Sexual Abuse in Olympic Sports Invitation by Diane Rosenfeld. 2012.
- Keynote Speaker, the University of Maine Law School Symposium, “Law and the Olympic Movement.” Title IX for the Amateur Sports Act; Addressing Sexual Abuse in Coaching, 2012.
- Keynote speaker, University of Delaware’s International Coaching Enrichment Certificate Program (ICECP), 2011.
- Keynote speaker, with Eleanor Smeal (founder of the Feminist Majority Foundation) Duke University symposium on Title IX, 2012.
- Keynote presenter, Softball Coaches Association annual meeting, Achieving Gender Equity without Losing Your Job, 2012.
- Keynote Speaker, U.S. Track and Field and Cross Country Coaches Associations, 2012.
- Keynote presentation at AALS (Association of American Law Schools) on Title IX with other law professors on the status of Title IX, 2012.
- Keynote speaker, Association of Title IX Administrators (“ATIXA”) in San Antonio, Texas. 2012.
- Keynote speaker, Association of Student Conduct Administrators in St. Petersburg, Florida. 2012.
- Speaker, Invited by U.S. State Department to speak at a 5 day/ 3-city International Conference on Women’s Education in France, most about education in Africa in conjunction with Diambars.
- Africa Regional Services Video: http://goo.gl/SaJ11.
- Speaker, Duke University, “Athletics and Higher Education” The Economics, Ethics, and Excesses of the Games We Love http://www.dukemagazine.duke.edu/issues/070811/collegesports1.html
Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kJc5DBkpucc
- Moderated Panel on Academic Mission of Athletics, NCAA Scholarly Colloquium on Sports, in conjunction with NCAA annual meeting, Jan. 10, 2011.
- Speaker, Professional Skater’s Association annual conference, Addressing Sexual Abuse in Sport, May 28, 2011. With Sheldon Kennedy and Paul Wylie.
- Participant, Aspen Institute, Sport and Society – youth sports organizations structure.
- Speaker, DaVos Sports Business School; Distinguished Speakers Series. 2011.
- Speaker, Flagler College, Celebrating Women’s History Month. March 21, 2011.
- Speaker, Boston College, Celebrating the 100th Anniversary of the NCAA. The NCAA as a Gender Equity Advocate, 2011.
- Mom Blogging event April with TheMotherHood. http://www.themotherhood.com/
- NCAA Video, What Does Title IX Mean to You, Nancy Hogshead-Makar? Sep. 2008; available at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gaVlPql6Q3I.
- Speaker, National Association of Collegiate Women Athletics Administrators, Legal Developments in Title IX, focus on the recent litigation involving retaliation and sexual harassment. With Karen Doering, Senior Council for the National Center for Lesbian Rights, discussing the organization’s project on athletics. October 6, 2007.
- Speaker, Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy at the University of Michigan, Reflecting on the President Ford’s legacy, including Title IX of the Educational Amendments of 1972, Sep. 28, 2007. Other presenters included Bill Martin, Athletic Director of Michigan and former President of the United States Olympic Committee, and Welch Suggs, Special Assistant to the President at the University of Georgia.
- Speaker, Legal Symposium: UMKC’s Amateur and Professional Sports, Emerging Legal Issues. Court’s unlikely deference to 2005 OCR “Model Survey” for Title IX participation compliance under Prong 3. Apr. 13, 2007; available at: http://www.law.umkc.edu/sport.pdf.
- Speaker, Legal Symposium: Girls and Women Rock: Celebrating 35 years of Sports and Title IX, Special Considerations for Sexual Harassment in Athletic Departments; Rethinking Jennings et al. v. University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, et al., 444 F.3d 255 (4th Cir. 2006). Held during the Women’s Final Four Basketball tournament in Cleveland, Ohio, Mar. 30,2007.
- Speaker, conference on Ethical Leadership at Ripon College in Ripon Wisconsin, Shrinking the Prize When Winning is Everything, on Feb. 2, 2007; available at: http://www.ripon.edu/academics/special_programs/ethical_leadership/2007Conference/ELP07program.pdf.
- Speaker, NCAA Annual Convention, Courts are likely to reject a claim of Title IX compliance for participation under Prong 3 of Title IX using the new OCR “Model Survey,” Orlando, Florida, Jan. 6, 2007, 300 attendees; available at: http://www2.ncaa.org/portal/media_and_events/events/-convention/2007/sessions/gender/bio.pdf.
- Commencement Speaker to Graduate Students, Springfield College with Senator Edward Kennedy addressing undergraduates on May 13, 2006.
- Keynote speaker to the DeVos Sport Business Management Program at UCF on Mar. 23, 2006.
- Keynote Speaker, Michigan State Journal of Gender Law and the Entertainment and Sports Law Society, Title IX and Gender Equity in Sports: Much More Action and Seasonal Changes, Apr. 16, 2005.
- Speaker, American Constitution Society, Georgetown University Law Center, panel discussion held, Wachington, D.C., Nov. 30, 2004. After oral argument in the U.S. Supreme Court in Jackson v. Bingham. With Marcia Greenberger, co-President of the National Women’s Law Center.
- Moderator for panel discussion on IX in Washington, D.C. during National Girls and Women in Sports Day, Feb. 4, 2004. Panelists included Marsha Greenberger, President and founder of the National Women’s Law Center, and Dominique Daws, Olympic gymnast. The discussion focused on Title IX compliance in high school athletics.
- Speaker, Georgetown University Law Center, Legal Issues in Collegiate Athletics, September 2004; available at: http://www.law.georgetown.edu/news/events/sportandfitness.html
- Moderator, FCSL’s Sports Law Symposium, The NCAA Enforcement Process on Mar. 15, 2007. The panelists included Josephine (Jo) R. Potuto, Chair of NCAA Infractions Committee, Jerry R. Parkinson, NCAA Coordinator of Appeals, and Richard Evrard, from the law firm of Bond, Schoeneck & King, PLLC.
- Speaker, CLE program at ABA Annual Meeting in Washington, DC, “Title IX: Why You Should Expand Your Litigation Practice Into This Under-served Area of Law” (2002).
- Keynote Speaker, National Federation of State High School Association, Orlando, Florida, December 2001. (Spoke with membership about Title IX compliance)
- Speaker, World Sports Forum, Lausanne Switzerland. Women in Sports: Lessons from Title IX in the United States. (May 20, 2001) http://www.wsforum.org/Former_Forum/Themes01.htm & http://www.wsforum.org/2002/Photos/SportsHealth/7sp_JPG.html
- Host of Television Show on Water Safety, “While You Weren’t Watching.” An education program from Wolfson Children’s Hospital, (2009)
- Part 1: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-KsnAMnzqIo
- Part 2: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q1-_iq8g1SA
- Part 3: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EPY_v61NriQ
Awards & Recognitions
- The Carlile Cup for Lifetime Achievement, 2018
- Florida Trend Magazine, Listed in Women in Leadership, 2017
- Nancy Hogshead Endowed Scholarship at Duke University for the Swimming Team, 2017.
- Inductee, Episcopal School of Jacksonville Hall of Honor, May 2016; https://www.esj.org/news/four-alumni-inducted-into-hall-of-honor.
- Shape America, Guiding Women in Sports Award, 2015. (Formerly AAHPERD)
- Pi Beta Phi, National Sorority, Distinguished Alumni, 2015.
- International Olympic Committee, Monaco, Women and Sport Award for the Americas, December, 2014.
- Babe Didrikson Zaharias Award, Miami, May 6, 2014.
- Lifetime Achievement Award, presented by Women Owned Business Association, 2014
- 40 Women Who Will Change Way Sports are Played. http://espn.go.com/espnw/title-ix/7993164/espn-magazine-ix-women-change-way-sports-played(2012).
- Women Who Have Made a Significant Impact on Society After Playing High School or College Sports,
- Advocate’s Award, Alliance of Women Coaches in Atlanta, May 30, 2012.
- National Consortium for Academics and Sports Hall of Fame,
- National Organization for Women, Courage Award, 2011.
- Sports Illustrated Magazine, Listed Hogshead-Makar as one of the 13 most influential people in the history of Title IX.
- Inductee, Academic All-America Hall of Fame, The Academic All‐America Hall of Fame® recognizes Academic All‐Americas who have achieved lifetime success in their professional careers and are committed to philanthropic causes in the communities where they reside. 2008.
- Honor Award Winner, National Association of Collegiate Women Athletics Administrators, (NACWAA) October, 2007. Presented at annual convention banquet in St. Petersburg, Florida.
- Featured, “100 Trailblazers; Great Women Athletes Who Opened Doors for Future Generations” by Richard Lapchick. http://www.amazon.com/100-Trailblazers-Athletes-Opened-Generations/dp/1885693869/ref=sr_1_3?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1246910396&sr=1-3
- Inductee, International Women’s Sports Hall of Fame, October 2004. Presented at the Women’s Sports Foundation’s annual dinner at the Waldorf Astoria in New York City. http://www.usoc.org/11624_27520.htm; http://www.iona.edu/academic/artsscience/-departments/masscomm/jrn617/grey/whats%20going%20on.htm
- Yolanda L. Jackson Give Back Award, presented by Billie Jean King at Women’s Sports Foundation’s annual event at the Waldorf Astoria. The award is presented to the person who has contributed the most to women in athletics. 2003.
- Honorary Doctorate, Springfield College, received honorary degree, 2002.
- Inductee, International Scholar-Athlete Hall of Fame at the Institute for International Sport, International Scholar-Athlete Hall of Fame and Museum, Kingston, Rhode Island, 2001. http://www.sportsparenting.org/sa_hof/hof_inductees2.html http://www.internationalsport.com/p_speakers.cfm
Media in the Past Few Years
- Jessica Luther, The Huffington Post, “USA Swimming Has a Sexual Abuse Problem, Too,” Mar. 6, 2018; available at: https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/opinion-luther-swimming-abuse_us_5a9e8929e4b089ec353e8faa.
- Liz Clarke, The Washington Post, “As USA Gymnastics promises to change in post-Nassar world, love for the sport remains,” Mar. 4, 2018; available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/as-usa-gymnastics-promises-to-change-in-post-nassar-world-love-for-the-sport-remains/2018/03/04/168e4a80-1fd2-11e8-94da-ebf9d112159c_story.html?utm_term=.619192d8ada2.
- Anja Bolbjerg, “Athlete Story: Women and sports. Gender issues in sports. Nancy Hogshead-Makar, Olympic Gold Medalist,” Mar. 4, 2018; available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uJdRqHxiNtI&feature=youtu.be.
- Brian Alexander, Outside, “It’s Time to Disband the Olympic Committee,” Mar. 2, 2018; available at: https://www.outsideonline.com/2285436/usoc-has-long-way-go.
- Chris DeSantis, Chris DeSantis Coaching, “Nancy Hogshead-Makar: The State of the Fight,” Mar. 2, 2018; http://chrisdcoach.com/podcasts/2018/3/2/nancy-hogshead-makar-the-state-of-the-fight
- Sally Jenkins, The Washington Post, “As Scott Blackmun’s painful USOC legacy: Knowledge, inaction and misplaced priorities,” Feb. 28, 2018; available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/scott-blackmuns-painful-usoc-legacy-knowledge-inaction-and-misplaced-priorities/2018/02/28/7485b73c-1cc5-11e8-b2d9-08e748f892c0_story.html?utm_term=.1344f05d4e2e.
- A.J. Perez, USA Today, “U.S. Olympic Committee CEO Scott Blackmun resigns,” Feb. 28, 2018; available at: https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/olympics/2018/02/28/u-s-olympic-committee-ceo-scott-blackmun-resigns/382569002/.
- Scott M. Reid, Orange County Register, “Head of U.S. Olympic Committee resigns amid sex abuse scandals in gymnastics, swimming,” Feb. 28, 2018; available at: https://www.ocregister.com/2018/02/28/head-of-u-s-olympic-committee-resigns-amid-sex-abuse-scandals-in-gymnastics-swimming/.
- Sally Jenkins, The Washington Post, “Perspective: The Olympic flame has been extinguished. The USOC should be next,” Feb. 26, 2018; available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/olympics/the-olympic-flame-has-been-extinguished-the-usoc-should-be-next/2018/02/26/a00648ca-1b05-11e8-9de1-147dd2df3829_story.html?utm_term=.fa2fba42f28b
- Michaela Pereira, CNN HLN, “Ending the abuse: USA Swimming under fire for ignoring sex abuse allegations,” Feb. 24, 2018.
- Kate Harloe, Mother Jones, “This Olympian-Turned-Lawyer Is Fighting to Prevent Another Larry Nassar,” Feb. 23, 2018; available at: https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2018/02/this-olympian-turned-lawyer-is-fighting-to-prevent-another-larry-nassar/.
- Scott M. Reid, Orange County Register, “USA Swimming leaders Susan Woessner and Pat Hogan forced out following reporting on sexual abuse,” Feb. 22, 2018; available at: https://www.ocregister.com/2018/02/22/usa-swimming-leaders-susan-woessner-and-pat-hogan-forced-out-following-reporting-on-sexual-abuse/.
- Ryan Smith, ESPN, “Outside the Lines: USA Swimming embroiled in sexual abuse allegations,” Feb. 20, 2018; available at: http://www.espn.com/video/clip?id=22503664.
- Alanna Vagianos, The Huffington Post, “Explosive Report Says USA Swimming Covered Up Hundreds Of Sexual Abuse Cases,” Feb. 19, 2018; available at: https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/usa-swimming-sexual-abuse_us_5a8ad81fe4b004fc3194c4b2.
- Gabe Fernandez, Sportingnews, “USA Swimming ignored claims of sexual abuse for decades, report indicates,” Feb. 18, 2018; available at: http://www.sportingnews.com/athletics/news/usa-swimming-sexual-abuse-scandal-olympics-chuck-wielgus-larry-nassar/11cipqwymcv3a1kr02i8ip6s3c.
- Tim Darragh, The Morning Call, “Parkette turned activist says ex-coach sexually abused her,” Feb. 17, 2018; available at: http://www.mcall.com/news/local/mc-nws-former-parkette-abused-safety-advocate-20180205-story.html.
- Scott M. Reid, Orange County Register, “100s of USA Swimmers were sexually abused for decades and the people in charge knew and ignored it, investigation finds,” Feb. 16, 2018; available at: https://www.ocregister.com/2018/02/16/investigation-usa-swimming-ignored-sexual-abuse-for-decades/.
- Erica Evans, Deseret News, “Wild parties, hooking up and drunk superstars: Why we need to talk about sexual assault at the Olympics,” Feb. 15, 2018; available at: https://www.deseretnews.com/article/900010513/wild-parties-thousands-of-condoms-and-drunk-superstars-why-we-need-to-talk-about-sexual-assault-at-the-olympics.html.
- Andrea Dukakis, Colorado Public Radio, “Former Olympian Nancy Hogshead-Makar On How To Protect Young Athletes From Abuse,” Feb. 14, 2018; available at: https://www.cpr.org/news/story/former-olympian-nancy-hogshead-makar-on-how-to-protect-young-athletes-from-abuse.
- Kimberly Lawson, Broadly.Vice, “The 156 Victims Who Spoke Out About Abuse Spurred Lawmakers to Protect Future Athletes; Feb. 14, 2018; available at: https://broadly.vice.com/en_us/article/xw5g7z/the-156-victims-who-spoke-out-about-abuse-spurred-lawmakers-to-protect-future-athletes.
- Craig Lord, SwimVortex, “If prohibition must sober the Olympics, then ban the blazers craving Nobel prizes,” Feb. 14, 2018; available at: https://www.swimvortex.com/if-prohibition-must-sober-the-olympics-then-ban-the-blazers-craving-nobel-prizes/.
- Jessicah Lahitou, Bustle, “How The Safe Sport Act Could Stop The Next Larry Nassar,” Feb. 9, 2018; available at: https://www.bustle.com/p/how-the-safe-sport-act-could-stop-the-next-larry-nassar-8162315
- Jeré Longman, New York Times, “Pressure Grows for U.S. Olympic Committee Chief to Step Down,” Feb. 8, 2018; available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/08/sports/olympics/usoc-nassar-abuse.html.
- Senator Dianne Feinstein, “Resolution recognizing National Girls and Women in Sports Day,” Feb. 8, 2018.
- Scott Reid, The Press-Enterprise, “Olympians, athlete advocates call for USOC CEO Scott Blackmun’s resignation,” Feb. 7, 2018; available at: https://www.pe.com/2018/02/07/olympians-athlete-advocates-call-for-usoc-ceo-scott-blackmuns-resignation/.
- John Niyo, The Detroit News, “Gymnastics Niyo: Nassar case a plea for overdue reform in sports,” Feb. 1, 2018; available at: https://www.detroitnews.com/story/sports/columnists/john-niyo/2018/02/01/niyo-nassar-case-plea-reform-sports/110026150/.
- George Diaz, Orlando Sentinel, “Commentary: Larry Nassar scandal empowers victims to become advocates of change,” Jan. 30, 2018; available at: http://www.orlandosentinel.com/os-larry-nassar-sex-abuse-scandal-george-diaz-20180130-story.html.
- Tim Evans, Mark Alesia and Marisa Kwiatkowski, IndyStar, “What’s next for USA Gymnastics? A long, tough road at best,” Jan. 28, 2018; available at: https://www.indystar.com/story/news/2018/01/28/whats-next-usa-gymnastics-long-tough-road-best/1064156001/.
- Demonze Spruiel and Kenneth Davis, The D & Davis Show, “Michigan State Scandal,” Jan. 27, 2018; available at:
- Tom Goldman, National Public Radio, “Gymnastics Sexual Abuse Case Puts Spotlight On Protecting Athletes,” Jan. 26, 2018; available at: https://www.npr.org/2018/01/26/580933865/gymnastics-sexual-abuse-case-puts-spotlight-on-protecting-athletes.
- Scott M. Reid, Orange County Register, “Congress investigating USA Swimming’s handling of sex abuse cases,” Jan. 26, 2018; available at: https://www.ocregister.com/2018/01/26/congress-investigating-usa-swimmings-handling-of-sex-abuse-cases/.
- Dave Zirin and David Tigabu, The Nation, “Larry Nassar’s Imprisonment and Lou Anna Simon’s Resignation Are Not Nearly Enough,” Jan. 25, 2018; available at: https://www.thenation.com/article/larry-nassars-imprisonment-and-lou-anna-simons-resignation-are-not-nearly-enough/.
- Scott M. Reid, Orange County Register, “Ex-USA Gymnastics team doctor Larry Nassar sentenced to 40 to 175 years in prison,” Jan. 24, 2018; available at: https://www.ocregister.com/2018/01/24/larry-nassar-sentenced-to-40-to-175-years-in-prison/.
- Christian Red, New York Daily News, “USOC boss Scott Blackmun criticized for apology letter sent after Nassar verdict: ‘Too little, too late,” Jan. 24, 2018; available at: http://www.nydailynews.com/sports/more-sports/usoc-boss-criticized-apology-letter-nassar-verdict-article-1.3777232?utm_content=bufferccc0a&utm_medium=social&utm_source=facebook.com&utm_campaign=buffer.
- A.J. Perez, USA Today, “Congress Navratilova, Louganis, Mendoza among those pushing Congress to protect youth athletes,” Jan. 24, 2018; available at: https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/olympics/2018/01/24/navratilova-louganis-mendoza-hogshead-push-congress-protect-youth-athletes/1063719001/.
- Julie Anne, 670 The Score, Jan. 23, 2018; available at:
- Julia DiCaro, The Washington Post, “How parents can protect their young athletes from the Larry Nassars of the world,” Jan. 22, 2018; available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/parenting/wp/2018/01/22/how-parents-can-protect-their-young-athletes-from-the-larry-nassars-of-the-world/?utm_term=.a1b3303ef95c.
- News Tribune, Jan. 21, 2018, “Column: After Nassar, still a battle to protect athletes.”
- Ashley Banfield, CNN, “Victims confront gymnastics doctor in court,” Jan. 16, 2018; available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FG5bhK3XVRY&feature=youtu.be.
- Michaela Pereira, CNN HLN, “Do female victims get less attention than male victims?,” Jan. 2, 2018; available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D7ECnJEUfIM&feature=youtu.be
- Dr. Donnica
- Craig Lord, SwimVortex, “Every Top 20 stories of 2017: No. 1 – #MeToo & how willful blindness pours poison in the pool,” Dec. 31, 2017; available at: https://www.swimvortex.com/top-20-stories-of-2017-no1-metoo-how-wilful-blindness-pours-poison-in-the-pool/
- Eric Adelson, Yahoo Sports, “Why hasn’t abuse scandal brought MSU and USA Gymnastics into the crosshairs like Jerry Sandusky did Penn State?,” Dec. 28, 2017; available at: https://sports.yahoo.com/hasnt-larry-nassar-abuse-scandal-brought-msu-usa-gymnastics-crosshairs-like-jerry-sandusky-penn-state-004158895.html.
- Dr. Lisa Ingarfield, WiSP, “The Systemic Problem with Sexual Abuse,” Dec. 20, 2017; available at: http://www.wispsports.com/talking-point/the-systemic-problem-with-sexual-abuse?utm_content=buffer0cf75&utm_medium=social&utm_source=twitter.com&utm_campaign=buffer.
- Eric Adelson, Yahoo Sports, “How would Kobe Bryant have fared if his legacy’s darkest chapter happened in the ‘Me Too’ era?,” Dec. 18, 2017; available at: https://sports.yahoo.com/kobe-bryant-fared-legacys-darkest-chapter-happened-era-155025004.html.
- Sam Turken, The Chronicle, “Why doesn’t the men’s basketball program have female managers?,” Dec. 8, 2017; available at: http://www.dukechronicle.com/article/2017/12/mens-basketball-program-draws-complaints-about-manager-selection-process-from-female-applicants.
- Will Hobson and Steven Rich, The Washington Post, “Every six weeks for more than 36 years: When will sex abuse in Olympic sports end?,” Nov. 17, 2017; available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/every-six-weeks-for-more-than-36-years-when-will-sex-abuse-in-olympic-sports-end/2017/11/17/286ae804-c88d-11e7-8321-481fd63f174d_story.html?utm_term=.925bf7b0f321.
- Alia Hoyt, HowStuffWorks, “Why Do So Many Women’s Sports Still Incorporate Skirts?,” Nov. 14, 2017; available at: https://entertainment.howstuffworks.com/womens-sports-still-incorporate-skirts.htm.
- Dave Zirin, The Nation, “#MeToo in Sports: Moving From Revelations to Policy,” Nov. 6, 2017; available at: https://www.thenation.com/article/metoo-in-sports-moving-from-revelations-to-policy/.
- David Zirin, Edge of Sports Podcast, “#MeToo: Sexual Assault & Sports,” Nov. 2017; available at: https://soundcloud.com/edgeofsports/metoo.
- Eric Adelson, Yahoo Sports, “This McKayla Maroney saying #MeToo is eye-opening,” Oct. 18, 2017; available at: https://sports.yahoo.com/mckayla-maroney-saying-metoo-eye-opening-192000940.html?cn=bWVzc2FnZQ%3D%3D&refsrc=email.
- Barry Jacobs, The News and Observer, “This former Duke Olympian was raped – and became an advocate for women’s rights,” Oct. 9, 2017; available at: http://www.newsobserver.com/sports/college/acc/article177858321.html.
- Alyssa Roenigk, ESPN “In wake of sexual abuse scandal, what’s next for USA Gymnastics?,” Aug. 17, 2017; available at: http://www.espn.com/espnw/sports/article/20370014/in-wake-sexual-abuse-scandal-usa-gymnastics.
- Matthew Head, First coast News, “NCAA to Require Sexual Assault Prevention Training,” Aug. 11, 2017; available at: http://www.firstcoastnews.com/mobile/article/sports/ncaa-to-require-sexual-assault-prevention-training/463758555.
- Scott M. Reid, Orange County Register, “Report calls for culture change at USA Gymnastics in wake of sex abuse scandal,” Jun. 27, 2017; available at: https://www.ocregister.com/2017/06/27/report-calls-for-culture-change-at-usa-gymnastics-in-wake-of-sex-abuse-scandal/.
- Tim Evans, Marisa Kwiatkowski, and Mark Alesia, IndyStar, “Can USA Gymnastics reform itself under current leadership?,” Jun. 27, 2017; available at: https://www.indystar.com/story/news/2017/06/27/usa-gymnastics-releases-report-its-handling-sex-abuse/431192001/.
- Christine Brennan, USA Today, “45th anniversary of Title IX cause for celebration,” Jun. 22, 2017.
- Matthew Bain, Hawk Central, “‘A Wake-Up Call’: Women’s Rights Advocates Hail Jane Meyer Ruling,” May 6, 2017; available at: http://www.hawkcentral.com/story/sports/college/iowa/2017/05/06/wake-up-call-womens-rights-advocates-weigh-jane-meyer-verdict/311498001/; USA Today; available at: https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/college/iowa/2017/05/06/wake-up-call-womens-rights-advocates-weigh-jane-meyer-verdict/311498001/.
- Peter Ott, The Sports Law Blog Podacst, “Girls and Women in Sports,” May 1, 2017; available at: http://sportslawbiz.com/2017/05/01/28-girls-and-women-in-sports-with-nancy-hogshead-makar/.
- Dianna Addison Lyle, Westlake Malibu Lifestyle, “USA Women’s Olympic Gymnastics,” May, 2017; available at: http://www.wmlifestyle.com/sports-concerns-5-2017/
- WJCT, “2-minutes” with Nancy Hogshead-Makar, Jacksonville, Mar. 14, 2017; available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y-EEhWv0Mgk.
- John Barr and Nicole Noren, ESPN, “Outside the Lines: Track & Fear,” Apr. 16, 2017; available at: http://www.espn.com/espn/feature/story/_/id/18900659/university-arizona-coach-threatened-one-athletes-blackmail-violence-death-school-stopped-him.
- Kate Murphy, USA Today, “Is it fair for UC women’s basketball, volleyball teams to play at St. Ursula?,” Apr. 4, 2017; available at: https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2017/04/04/fair-uc-womens-basketball-volleyball-teams-play-st-ursula/98805914/.
- Rose Minutaglio, People, “Experts Explain: How to Talk to Your Kids About Sexual Assault in Sports,” Mar. 31, 2017; available at: http://people.com/sports/experts-explain-how-to-talk-to-your-kids-about-sexual-assault-in-sports/.
- Nancy Armour and Rachel Axon, USA Today, “Attorneys call for USA Swimming chief to be fired,” Mar. 31, 2017; available at: https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/olympics/2017/03/31/usa-swimming-chuck-wielgus-fire-usoc-sexual-abuse-usa-gymnastics/99878698/.
- Nancy Armour and Rachel Axon, IndyStar, “USOC did not heed sexual abuse warnings in 2004, 2005,” Mar. 31, 2017; available at: http://www.indystar.com/story/sports/olympics/2017/03/31/usoc-sexual-abuse-usa-swimming-senate/99826600/; USA Today; available at: https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/olympics/2017/03/31/usoc-sexual-abuse-usa-swimming-senate/99826600/.
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- Mark Alesia, Tim Evans, and Marisa Kwiatkowski, IndyStar, “USA Gymnastics President Steve Penny resigns,” Mar. 16, 2017; available at: http://www.indystar.com/story/news/2017/03/16/usa-gymnastics-president-steve-penny-resigns/99251344/; USA Today; available at: https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2017/03/16/usa-gymnastics-president-steve-penny-resigns/99251344/.
- Tim Evans, Marissa Kwiatkowski, and Mark Alesia, IndyStar, “SafeSport Center: Is it the answer to athlete sex abuse,” Mar. 8, 2017; available at: http://www.indystar.com/story/news/2017/03/08/safesport-center-answer-athlete-sex-abuse/98775554/; USA Today; available at: https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2017/03/08/safesport-center-answer-athlete-sex-abuse/98775554/.
- Susan Rocco, Women to Watch Media, LLC, “Nancy Hogshead-Makar, Champion Women,” Mar. 7, 2017; available at: https://women2watch.net/2017/03/07/nancy-hogshead-makar-champion-women/.
- Will Hobson, Washington Post, “Documents: USOC alerted to sex abuse problems long before taking action,” Mar. 6, 2017; available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/olympics/documents-usoc-alerted-to-sex-abuse-problems-long-before-taking-action/2017/03/06/8ca2a89e-0230-11e7-ad5b-d22680e18d10_story.html?utm_term=.af77cd6ffc06.
- Kevin Meerschaert, First Coast Connect, WJCT, “Women’s History Month Discussing Title IX,” Jacksonville, Mar. 2, 2017; available at: http://news.wjct.org/post/322017-nancy-hogshead-makar-womens-giving-alliance-conference-cowford-chophouse-update.
- GymCastic: The Gymnastics Podcast, “Nancy Hogshead-Makar and Coaching Standards,” Feb. 28, 2017; available at: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/gymcastic-the-gymnastics-podcast/id564010560?mt=2.
- Will Hobson, The Washington Post, “Senator Dianne Feinstein calls for changes to Olympic sports law to protect children from abuse,” Feb. 22, 2017; available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/sports/wp/2017/02/22/senator-dianne-feinstein-calls-for-changes-to-olympic-sports-law-to-protect-children-from-abuse/?utm_term=.714b0aa031cd.
- Julie Jenae, First Coast News, “Lifelong Jacksonville gymnast says she was abused by former USA gymnast head doctor,” Feb. 21, 2017; available at: http://www.firstcoastnews.com/news/gymnast-sex-abuse-scandal-ties-to-jacksonville/410354375.
- Nancy Armour and Rachel Axon, USA Today, “Karlyis and their famed ranch draw scrutiny,” Feb. 16, 2017; available at: https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/olympics/2017/02/16/karolyis-and-their-famed-ranch-draws-scrutiny/94744078/.
- Nancy Armour, USA Today, “Don’t diminish UConn’s 100-game Win Streak,” Feb. 14, 2017; available at: https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2017/04/04/fair-uc-womens-basketball-volleyball-teams-play-st-ursula/98805914/.
- Will Hobson and Steven Rich, The Washington Post, “An athlete accused her coach of sex abus. Olympicofficials stayed on the sideline,” Feb. 14, 2017, available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/olympics/an-athlete-accused-her-coach-of-sex-abuse-olympic-officials-stayed-on-sideline/2017/02/14/35a6fc76-d2eb-11e6-a783-cd3fa950f2fd_story.html?utm_term=.ef10f0c453a2.
- David Zirin, Edge of Sports Podcast, “Defending Title IX,” Washington, D.C., Jan. 23, 2017; available at: http://www.edgeofsportspodcast.com/post/156342975855/nancy.
- Beth Rousseau, Action News Jax, “Florida colleges under investigation for handling of sex assault cases,” Jan. 19, 2017, available at: http://www.actionnewsjax.com/news/local/florida-colleges-under-investigation-for-handling-of-campus-sex-assault-cases/486012435.
- Lorena Inclan, Action News Jax, “Report details alleged widespread sexual abuse in gymnastics,” Dec. 16, 2016; available at: http://www.actionnewsjax.com/news/local/report-details-alleged-widespread-sexual-abuse-in-gymnastics/476681349.
- Tim Evans, Marissa Kwiatkowski, and Mark Alesia, IndyStar, “IndyStar’s investigation on sexual abuse in gymnastics: what we know,” Dec. 16, 2016; available at http://www.indystar.com/story/news/2016/12/16/indystars-investigation-sexual-abuse-gymnastics-what-we-know/95469994/.
- Alison Carter, IndyStar, “Missed Signs Gymnastic Coaches Were Abusing Children”
- ESPN, “Report details scope of sexual abuse in U.S. Gymnastics,” Dec. 15, 2016; available at: http://www.espn.com/olympics/gymnastics/story/_/id/18284271/investigation-finds-hundreds-cases-alleged-abuse-gymnasts.
- Daniel Rostas, KQKY, “Report: Widespread Allegations of Abuse in US Gymnastics,” Dec. 15, 2016; available at: http://www.kqky.com/national-sports/2016/12/15/report-widespread-allegations-of-abuse-in-us-gymnastics/print.
- Tim Evans, Marissa Kwiatkowski, and Mark Alesia, IndyStar, “20-year toll: 368 gymnasts allege sexual exploitation,” Dec. 15, 2016; available at: http://www.indystar.com/story/news/2016/12/15/20-year-toll-368-gymnasts-allege-sexual-exploitation/95198724/; USA Today; available at: https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2016/12/15/20-year-toll-368-gymnasts-allege-sexual-exploitation/95198724/.
- Marc Tracy, New York Times, “After Scandal, and with Staff Intact, Baylor Remains a Big 12 Power,” Oct. 29, 2016; available at: https://query.nytimes.com/search/sitesearch/?action=click&contentCollection®ion=TopBar&WT.nav=searchWidget&module=SearchSubmit&pgtype=Homepage – /Nancy+Hogshead-Makar/since1851/allresults/2/.
- Karen Brune Matthis, Daily Record, “First Coast Success: Nancy Hogshead-Makar championing women’s equality in sports,” Sep. 28, 2016; available at: http://www.jaxdailyrecord.com/showstory.php?Story_id=546227.
- George Diaz, Orlando Sentinel, “IOC Olympics losing game for Twitter trolls, clueless announcers” Aug. 18, 2016; available at: http://www.orlandosentinel.com/sports/olympics/os-olympics-social-media-george-diaz-0817-20160818-column.html.
- Michael Rosenberg, ESPN, “It’s time for USOC to step up after USA Gymnastics sex abuse scandal,” Aug. 5, 2016; available at: https://www.si.com/olympics/2016/08/04/usa-gymnastics-sex-abuse-scandal-2016-rio-olympics.
- Kerry Speckman, Another Round Podcast, “Ep. 25: Nancy Hogshead-Makar,” Aug. 18, 2016; available at: http://thespecktator.com/2016/08/18/another-round-ep-25-nancy-hogshead-makar/.
- Tim Evans, Marissa Kwiatkowski, and Mark Alesia, IndyStar, “Olympians respond to USA Gymnastics story,” Aug. 4, 2016; available at: http://www.indystar.com/story/news/2016/08/04/olympians-respond-usa-gymnastics-story/88203202/; USA Today; available at: https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation-now/2016/08/04/olympians-respond-usa-gymnastics-story/88274962/.
- Judy Woodruff, PBS News Hour, “Behind the shocking sexual abuse allegations facing USA Gymnastics,” Aug. 4, 2016; available at: http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/behind-shocking-sexual-abuse-allegations-facing-usa-gymnastics/.
- Liz Clarke, The Washington Post, “Allegations of widespread sexual abuse puts USA Gymnastics under fire,” Aug. 4, 2016; available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/olympics/allegations-of-widespread-sexual-abuse-puts-usa-gymnastics-under-fire/2016/08/04/849afa80-5a41-11e6-9aee-8075993d73a2_story.html?utm_term=.f2c104c81682.
- Allison Torres Burtka, Cover of Associations NOW, “What Four Leaders Learned from Athletic Competition,” Jul/Aug 2016; available at: https://www.asaecenter.org/resources/articles/an_magazine/2016/july-august/what-four-leaders-learned-from-athletic-competition.
- Dam Kilgore, The Washington Post, “GW basketball players report coach’s ‘verbal and emotional abuse’; many fled school,” Jul. 21, 2016; available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/colleges/gw-basketball-players-report-coachs-verbal-and-emotional-abuse-many-fled-school/2016/07/21/b7d5bd12-4dae-11e6-a7d8-13d06b37f256_story.html?utm_term=.bb6cf57f58c4.
- Beau Dure, The Guardian, “Why U.S. women are likely to out perform the men at the Olympics,” Jul. 19, 2016; available at: https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2016/jul/19/us-womens-sports-olympics-rio.
- Ryan Smith, ESPN, “Outside the Lines: Female water polo player files Title IX complaint,” Jul. 17, 2016; available at: http://www.espn.com/videohub/video/clip?id=17093201&categoryid=0.
- Richard Hsu, Hsu Untied, “Nancy Hogshead-Makar, Olympic Gold Medalist,” June 2016; available at: http://hsuuntied.com/nhmakar/.
- Melissa Ross, First Coast News, “UNF reaches settlement with former basketball coach for $1.25M,” Mar. 14, 2016; available at: http://floridapolitics.com/archives/author/melissa/page/8.
- Garret Pelican and Steven Dial, First Coast News, “UNF reaches settlement with former basketball coach for $1.25M,” Mar. 14, 2016; available at: http://www.firstcoastnews.com/sports/college/north-florida-ospreys/unf-reaches-settlement-with-former-basketball-coach/78480687.
- Anita Wadhwani, USA Today, “Tennessee joins list of colleges facing sexual assault lawsuit,” Feb. 20, 2016; available at: http://sports.usatoday.com/2016/02/20/tennessee-joins-list-of-colleges-facing-sexual-assault-lawsuits/.
- Lisa Robbins, First Coast News, “Little Athletes: How much is too much when it comes to kids and sports?” Feb. 11, 2016; available at: http://www.firstcoastnews.com/news/health/kids/little-athletes-how-much-is-too-much-when-it-comes-to-kids-and-sports/40028416.
- Travis Waldron, Huffington Post, “The NFL Will Implement a ‘Rooney Rule’ for Women,” Feb. 4, 2016; available at: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/the-nfl-will-implement-a-rooney-rule-for-women_us_56b3a045e4b08069c7a67110.
- Joe Nocera, New York Times, “After Settlement, Florida State Shows Sympathy for Victim: Itself,” Jan. 29, 2016; available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/30/sports/ncaafootball/florida-state-protects-the-brand-but-what-about-the-students.html.
- Time Rohan and Marc Tracy, New York Times, “Oklahoma Player’s Punch Caught on Video, but Few Get to See It,” Dec. 30, 2015; available at: http://www.nytimes.com/2015/12/30/sports/ncaafootball/oklahoma-players-punch-caught-on-video-sidesteps-court-of-public-opinion.html?_r=0.
- Christopher Clarey, New York Times, Women Stole the Show in 2015 Dec. 23, 2015; available at: http://www.nytimes.com/2015/12/24/sports/women-stole-the-show-in-2015.html.
- George Diaz, Orlando Sentinel, Diaz: NFL sees pink but not colors that raise awareness for domestic violence, Nov. 8, 2015; available at: http://www.orlandosentinel.com/sports/os-nfl-domestic-violence-george-diaz-1102-20151101-column.html.
- Marc Tracy, New York Times, College Conferences Try to Block Athletes Who Have Violent Past, Aug. 6, 2015; available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/27/sports/ncaafootball/conferences-try-to-block-athletes-who-have-violent-pasts.html.
- Will Hobson, The Washington Post, Lawyers for rape accusers of Kobe Bryant, Jameis Winston altered U.S. campus culture, Jul. 9, 2015; available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/seeking-justice-for-women-who-say-theyve-been-attacked-by-athletes/2015/07/09/6683224c-23f7-11e5-aae2-6c4f59b050aa_story.html?utm_term=.7b4ab67bd302.
- Kelly Wallace, CNN, 2015 U.S. World Cup triumph should level playing field for women’s sports, Jul. 7, 2015; available at: http://www.ksl.com/?nid=255&sid=35383284.
- Liz Clarke, The Washington Post, Five myths about women’s sports, Jun. 26, 2015; available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/five-myths-about-womens-sports/2015/06/26/8dee2470-1b5b-11e5-93b7-5eddc056ad8a_story.html.
- George Diaz, Orlando Sentinel, NFL needs to stop protecting rogues like Ray McDonald, May 28, 2015; available at: http://www.orlandosentinel.com/sports/os-ray-mcdonald-nfl-george-diaz-0529-20150528-column.html.
- Kerry Eleved, Daily Kos, Rise in Title IX discrimination complaints highlights persistent disparities for female athletes, May 9, 2015; available at: http://www.dailykos.com/story/2015/05/09/1382986/-Rise-in-Title-IX-discrimination-complaints-highlights-persistent-disparities-for-female-athletes.
- Travis Waldron, Think Progress, Why The Number Of Gender-Related Athletics Discrimination Complaints Is Rapidly Increasing, May 6, 2015; available at: http://thinkprogress.org/sports/2015/05/06/3654567/number-gender-related-athletics-discrimination-complaints-rapidly-increasing/.
- Forbes: Title IX and It’s Isiah Thomas Problem, May, 2015.; available at: http://www.forbes.com/sites/alanaglass/2015/05/08/the-wnba-and-its-isiah-thomas-problem/.
- Steve Ginsburg, Reuters, Boxer Mayweather’s violent history ignored, women’s advocates say, Arp. 24, 2015; available at: http://www.reuters.com/article/us-boxing-mayweather-violence-idUSKBN0NF2CN20150424.
- Mic: March Madness Has a $15 Million Problem That No One Is Talking About by Julie Zeilinger. Apr. 6, 2015; available at: https://mic.com/articles/113730/college-basketball-has-a-15-million-problem.
- George Diaz, Orlando Sentinel, Indiana ‘religious freedom’ law demands economic pushback from NCAA, Mar. 29, 2015; available at: http://www.orlandosentinel.com/sports/os-indiana-final-four-george-diaz-0330-20150329-column.html.
- Kelly Wallace, CNN, The real March Madness: When will women’s teams get equal buzz?, Mar. 14, 2015; available at: http://www.cnn.com/2015/03/30/living/feat-march-madness-womens-sports-attention-money-men/.
- Caroline Pla, Philadelphia Inquirer, Let Girls Play Football, 2015.
- Amy Rosewater, USA Today, Mo’ne Davis’ life has been wild, crazy since LLWS, Feb. 25, 2015; available at: http://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/2015/02/25/mone-davis-basketball-little-league-uconn-stanford/23998689/.
- Sarah Kuta, Daily Camera, Boulder firm take on high-profile Title IX sex assault cases, Jan. 31, 2015; available at: http://www.dailycamera.com/cu-news/ci_27428916/boulder-firm-takes-high-profile-title-ix-sex.
- Jared Anderson, Swim Swam, Autonomy Era: What Does Title IX Mean For The Possibility of Paid College Athletes?, Jan. 27, 2015; available at: http://swimswam.com/autonomy-era-title-ix-mean-paid-college-athletes/.
- Anne Schindler, First Coast News, Jameis Winston accuser goes public at Sundance Film Festival, Jan. 26, 2015; Available at: http://www.firstcoastnews.com/story/news/2015/01/26/winston-accuser-at-sundance/22374959/.
- Luke Cyphers, espnW, Why You Should Care About This Year’s NCAA Convention, Jan. 14, 2015; available at: http://espn.go.com/espnw/news-commentary/article/12168580/why-care-year-ncaa-convention.
- George Diaz, Orlando Sentinel, Jameis Winston still facing legal crosshairs as he preps for NFL Draft, Jan. 7, 2015; available at: http://www.orlandosentinel.com/sports/florida-state-seminoles/os-fsu-jameis-winston-george-diaz-0108-20150107-column.html.
- Anne Schindler, First Coast News, Olympic “Woman of the Year” says FSU Winston Case not over yet, Jan. 3, 2015; available at: http://www.firstcoastnews.com/story/news/features/2015/01/02/hogshead-makar-says-fsu-case-still-in-1st-quarter/21195369/.
- Valley News, Cronyism Lives on With Winston, FSU, Dec. 25, 2014.
- Sally Jenkins, Washington Post, Jameis Winston Case shows cronyism for star athletes, Dec. 24, 2014. Available at: http://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/colleges/jameis-winston-case-shows-cronyism-for-star-athletes/2014/12/23/d2ee4948-8adc-11e4-9e8d-0c687bc18da4_story.html.
- Aaron Ostrowsky, Jacksonville Business Journal, Nancy Hogshead-Makar wins International Olympic Committee award, Dec. 11, 2014; available at: http://www.bizjournals.com/jacksonville/news/2014/12/11/hogshead-makar-wins-international-olympic.html.
- Loretta Race, SwimSwam, IOC “Women and Sport” Awards Honor Former Swimmers, Dec. 09, 2014; available at: http://swimswam.com/ioc-women-sport-awards-honor-former-swimmers/.
- Jeff Commings, SwimmingWorld Magazine, Olympic Swim Champion Nancy Hogshead-Makar Named IOC Woman of the Year, Dec. 9, 2014; available at: http://www.swimmingworldmagazine.com/news/nancy-hogshead-makar-ioc-woman-of-the-year/.
- International Olympic Commitee, Olympic.org, Devoted to Developing Women’s sport, Meriem Cherni Mizouni from Tunisia Wins IOC Women and Sport World Trophy, Dec. 9, 2014; available at: http://www.olympic.org/news/devoted-to-developing-women-s-sport-meriem-cherni-mizouni-from-tunisia-wins-ioc-women-and-sport-world-trophy/242160.
- George Diaz, Orlando Sentinel, Rice, Cosby flaps empower women to speak against abuse, Dec. 7, 2014; available at: http://www.orlandosentinel.com/opinion/os-ed-george-diaz-120714-20141205-column.html.
- Irvin Muchnick, Beyond Chron, New Investigation into USA Swimming Sex Abuse, Nov. 11, 2014; available at: http://www.beyondchron.org/fed-investigations-usa-swimming-sexual-abuse-boosted-article-outside-magazine/.
- Swim Swam, Olympic Medalist Hogshead-Makar Launches Champion Women Non-profit, Oct. 28, 2014; available at: http://swimswam.com/olympic-medalist-hogshead-makar-launches-champion-women-non-profit/.
- David Zirin, The Nation, Stop Surgical Violence Against Women Athletes – and let Dutee Run!, Oct. 20, 2014; available at: http://www.thenation.com/blog/183625/stop-surgical-violence-against-women-athletes-and-let-dutee-run.
- Carol Rogers, News & Observer, Will female athletes benefit from pay debate?, Oct. 11, 2014; available at: http://www.newsobserver.com/2014/10/11/4226550/will-female-athletes-benefit-from.html.
- Gene Frenette, Florida Times-Union, Wrong kind of scrutiny for UF, Muschamp, Oct. 7, 2014; available at: http://jacksonville.com/sports/columnists/gene-frenette/2014-10-07/story/gene-frenette-wrong-kind-scrutiny-uf-muschamp.
- Samantha Ettus, Forbes, 9 Ways to Bulletproof Your Daughter Against Domestic Violence, Sep. 16, 2014; available at: http://www.forbes.com/sites/samanthaettus/2014/09/16/9-ways-to-bulletproof-your-daughter/.
- Sandy Strickland, Florida Times-Union, Good News: Plenty of people in Jacksonville area taking icy drench for Lou Gehrig’s disease, Aug. 29, 2014; available at: http://jacksonville.com/business/2014-08-29/story/good-news-plenty-jacksonville-area-taking-icy-drench-lou-gehrigs-disease.
- Rachel Axon, USA Today, Ex-NFL player’s son, Patrick Swilling Jr., implicated in sexual assault lawsuit, Aug. 18, 2014; available at: http://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/ncaab/2014/08/18/patrick-swilling-tulsa-sexual-assault-lawsuit-title-ix/14104075/.
- Gene Frenette, Florida Times-Union, Gene Frenette: NFL needs to catch up with penalties for players who abuse women, Aug. 14, 2014; available at: http://jacksonville.com/sports/columnists/gene-frenette/2014-08-14/story/gene-frenette-nfl-needs-catch-penalties-players-who
- Jeff Commings, Swimming World Magazine, Which Event At the 1984 Olympics Featured the First Swimming Tie in History?, Jul. 29, 2014; available at: http://www.swimmingworldmagazine.com/news/which-event-at-the-1984-olympics-featured-the-first-swimming-tie-in-history/.
- Smriti Sinha, Mic.com, One Chart Shows the Tremendous Impact of Title IX on Women in America, Jun. 24, 2014; available at: http://mic.com/articles/92033/one-chart-shows-the-tremendous-impact-of-title-ix-on-women-in-america.
- Derek Redd, Charleston Daily Mail, COLLEGE ATHLETICS: Athletic directors, commissioners provide insight into NCAA reform, what lies ahead, Jun. 22, 2014; available at: http://www.charlestondailymail.com/article/20140622/DM03/140629806.
- Rob Trucks, Vice Sports, Sexual Abuse in Women’s Sports, Part I: Three-time Olympic Gold Medalist Nancy Hogshead-Makar, Jun. 11 , 2014; available at: https://sports.vice.com/en_us/article/sexual-abuse-in-womens-sports-part-i-three-time-olympic-gold-medalist-nancy-hogshead-makar.
- Emma Span, New York Times, Is Softball Sexist?, Jun. 7, 2014; available at: http://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/07/opinion/is-softball-sexist.html?_r=0.
- Deirdra Funcheon, Miami New Times, An Underage Sex Scandal Leads to South Florida’s Swimming Hall of Fame, Jun. 3, 2014; available at: http://www.miaminewtimes.com/2014-06-05/news/sex-scandal-swimming-hall-of-fame-fort-lauderdale/.
- Kelly Whiteside, USA Today, Hall of Fame rescinds Chuck Wielgus’ invite amid sexual abuse allegations, Jun. 2, 2014; available at: https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/olympics/2014/06/02/chuck-wielgus-usa-swimming-hall-of-fame/9893275/.
- George Diaz, Orlando Sentinel, Shameful swimming legacy involving sexual abuse deserves no honor, Jun. 2, 2014; available at: http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2014-06-02/sports/os-usa-swimming-controversy-george-diaz-0602-20140601_1_sexual-abuse-international-swimming-hall-abuse-victims.
- Eric Adelson, Yahoo Sports, Petition calls for USA Swimming exec’s Hall of Fame induction to be rescinded, May 30, 2014; available at: http://sports.yahoo.com/news/petition-calls-for-usa-swimming-executive-s-hall-of-fame-induction-to-be-rescinded-180114116.html.
- Kelly Whiteside, USA Today, Citing sex abuse cases, swimmers protest Hall of Fame induction, May 29, 2014; available at: http://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/olympics/2014/05/29/swimming-hall-of-fame-induction-protest/9738737/.
- Craig Lord, SwimVortex.com, ISHOF Considers Petition to Drop USA Swim Boss Wielgus from Class of ’14 Famers, May 30, 2014; available at: http://www.swimvortex.com/ishof-considers-petition-to-drop-usa-swim-boss-wielgus-from-class-of-14-famers/.
- Kelly Whiteside, USA Today, Citing sex abuse cases, swimmers protest Hall of Fame induction, May 29, 2014; available at: https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/olympics/2014/05/29/swimming-hall-of-fame-induction-protest/9738737/.
- Matthew Emmons-USA Today Sports, Fox Sports, Doing Nothing is Always the Wrong Response to Sexual Assault, May 12, 2014; available at: http://www.foxsports.com/college-football/story/title-ix-55-investigations-florida-state-jameis-winston-sexual-violence-cases-051214.
- Rachel Axon, USA Today, Victim’s confront colleges over handling of sexual assaults, Apr. 26, 2014; available at: https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/local/2014/04/26/victims-confront-colleges-over-handling-of-sexual-assaults/8189035/.
- Rachel Axon, USA Today; Colleges under fire for handling of sexual assault cases, Apr. 24, 2014; available at: http://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/college/2014/04/24/sexual-assault-colleges-jameis-winston-president-obama/8122831/.
- Pat Kenney, SCStudentMedia, Nancy Hogshead-Makar Addresses Springfield College at Karposvich Lecture, Apr. 24, 2014; available at: http://scstudentmedia.com/2014/04/24/nancy-hogshead-makar-addresses-springfield-college-at-karpovich-lecture/.
- Allie Grasgreen, Inside Higher Ed: Failure to Enforce Title IX?, Apr. 22, 2014; available at: https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2014/04/22/complaint-says-ocr-failed-investigate-title-ix-sports-violations.
- espnW, ESPN, Happy 52, Nancy Hogshead-Makar, Apr. 17, 2014; availabe at: http://www.espn.com/espnw/athletes-life/blog/post/11927/happy-52-nancy-hogshead-makar.
- Keith Jarret, Citizen-Times, UNCA hosts Hogshead-Makar to honor champions, leaders, Apr. 15, 2014; available at: http://www.citizen-times.com/story/sports/2014/04/15/unca-hosts-hogshead-makar-honor-champions-leaders/7760299/.
- Matt Baker, Tampa Bay Times, FSU Title IX investigation goes beyond sports, Apr. 5, 2014; available at: http://www.tampabay.com/sports/college/fsu-title-ix-investigation-goes-beyond-sports/2173677.
- Stephanie Loh, San Diego Union-Tribune: College athlete unions raise myriad issues: From Tile IX to tax concerns, experts say the road ahead is challenging for Kain Colter and the Northwestern football players, Apr. 1, 2014; available at: http://www.utsandiego.com/news/2014/apr/01/college-athletes-union-issues-kain-colter-capa/.
- Collin Binkley, The Columbus Dispatch, Feds probe gender equality in sports at Denison U., Mar. 30, 2014; available at: http://www.dispatch.com/content/stories/local/2014/03/30/feds-probe-gender-equality-in-sports-at-denison-u-.html.
- Todd C. Frankel, St. Louis Post-Dispatch, What to do when a Eureka boy wants to play a ‘girls sport’?, Mar. 30, 2014; available at: http://www.stltoday.com/news/local/education/what-to-do-when-a-eureka-boy-wants-to-play/article_4fbe1d7a-6083-50dc-983d-4fa16602c096.html.
- Wire and Staff Reports, Florida Times-Union, Decision to let Northwestern football players unionize could shake college sports world, Jacksonville civil rights attorney says ruling clears way for more equitable system, Mar. 26, 2014; available at http://jacksonville.com/sports/college/2014-03-26/story/decision-let-northwestern-football-players-unionize-could-shake.
- Lester Munson and Tom Farrey, ESPN, NLRB’s N’western ruling to be issued, Mar. 26, 2014; available at: http://espn.go.com/espn/otl/story/_/id/10673274/national-labor-relations-board-official-set-decide-northwestern-football-players-campaign-unionize.
- Catherine Byerley, Jacksonville Business Journal, Women Business Owners of North Florida recognized women leaders of 2013, Mar. 11, 2014; available at: http://www.bizjournals.com/jacksonville/news/2014/03/11/women-business-owners-of-north-florida-recognized.html?page=all.
- Mary Sanchez, The Kansas City Star, MU had a duty to protect campus for all its students, Jan. 29, 2014, available at: http://www.kansascity.com/opinion/opn-columns-blogs/mary-sanchez/article337676/MU-had-a-duty-to-protect-campus-for-all-its-students.html.
- Jason Marstellar, Swimming World Magazine, Responses to USA Swimming’s Vieth Report Run The Full Spectrum, Jan. 28, 2014; available at: http://www.swimmingworldmagazine.com/news/responses-to-usa-swimmings-vieth-report-run-the-full-spectrum/.
- The Stream, Al Jazeera, The high price of Olympic Glory, Jan. 9, 2014; available at: http://america.aljazeera.com/watch/shows/the-stream/the-latest/2014/1/9/the-high-price-ofolympicglory.html.
- Bob Ley, ESPN, Outside the Lines: re; sexual abuse in club and Olympic sports, January, 2014; available at: http://vimeo.com/84071457.
- Elliott Almond, San Jose Mercury-News, Mitch Ivey, famed swim coach, banned for sexual misconduct, Nov. 26, 2013; available at: http://www.mercurynews.com/sports/ci_24604608/mitch-ivey-famed-swim-coach-banned-sexual-misconduct.
- Syd Zeigler, Outsports.com, The effective role of straight allies is as the supporters, not stars, of our movement, Nov. 26, 2013; available at: http://www.outsports.com/2013/11/26/5147032/straight-allies-proper-role-lgbt-sports-movement.
- Craig Lord, SwimVortex.com, Spitz ’68 & ’72 Teammate Mitch Ivey ‘Banned for Life’ in US, Nov. 25, 2013; available at: http://www.swimvortex.com/spitz-68-72-teammate-mitch-ivey-banned-for-life/.
- Scott Reid, Orange County Register, Swimming Coach Ivey banned for life, Nov. 24, 2013; available at: http://www.ocregister.com/articles/swimming-538662-ivey-moran.html.
- Erik Brady, Jennifer Portman, and Dan Wolken, IndyStar, Scrutiny intensifies on FSU QB Jameis Winston allegations, Nov. 22, 2013; available at: http://www.indystar.com/story/sports/2013/11/22/scrutiny-intensifies-on-fsu-qb-jameis-winston-allegations/3672881/; USA Today available at: https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/ncaaf/acc/2013/11/21/jameis-winston-sexual-assault-tallahassee-police-heisman-trophy/3669637/.
- Ed. Reshmi Kaur Oberoi, eWomen’s News, Thomas Reuters Foundation, Teen Wrestler in Philly Pinned by Title IX Clause, Nov. 5, 2013; available at: http://www.trust.org/item/20131106094819-w3sxk/?source=search.
- Liz Clarke, The Washington Post, 2013 college basketball preview: Coaches grapple with line between discipline and abuse, Nov. 1, 2013; available at: http://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/colleges/2013-college-basketball-preview-coaches-grapple-with-line-between-discipline-and-abuse/2013/11/01/2d7e1b60-3a55-11e3-a94f-b58017bfee6c_story.html.
- Charlie Boss, The Columbus Dispatch, Girls hanging tough on gridiron, Sep. 3, 2013; available at: http://www.dispatch.com/content/stories/local/2013/09/03/girls-hang-tough.html.
- George Diaz, Orlando Sentinel, Russian Olympic Boycott over gay rights is pointless politics, Aug. 27, 2013; available at: http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2013-08-26/sports/os-george-diaz-gay-russia-olympics-0827-20130826_1_boycott-gay-rights-olympic-gold-medal.
- Kristi Dosh, ESPN, Manziel jerseys hardly making A&M rich, Aug. 10, 2013; available at: http://espn.go.com/blog/dallas/colleges/post/_/id/4684026/manziel-jerseys-hardly-making-am-rich.
- Judith Ohikuare, The Atlantic, How Sheryl Swoopes’s Pregnancy Changed Professional Sports Forever, Jul. 29, 2013; available at: http://www.theatlantic.com/sexes/archive/2013/07/how-sheryl-swoopess-pregnancy-changed-professional-sports-forever/278168/.
- Bill Speltz, The Missoulian, Missoula swimming coach Berkoff says he fought against, not hid sexual abuse, Jun. 3, 2013; available at: http://missoulian.com/news/local/missoula-swimming-coach-berkoff-says-he-fought-against-not-hid/article_02329f42-caf9-11e2-8e54-0019bb2963f4.html.
- Derek Whetmore, Twin Cities Daily Planet, University of Minnesota Men’s sports teams get almost three times the money as women’s, raising equity concerns, May 09, 2013; available at: http://www.tcdailyplanet.net/news/2013/05/09/university-minnesota-men-s-sports-teams-get-almost-three-times-money-women-s-raising.
- Swimming World Magazine, Gender Gap Shrinking Worldwide in Aquatic Sports at Olympic Games, May 8, 2013; available at: http://www.swimmingworldmagazine.com/news/gender-gap-shrinking-worldwide-in-aquatic-sports-at-olympic-games/.
- Abigail Perkiss, Constitution Daily, Quinnipiac settlement sheds light on Title IX compliance, May 3, 2013; available at: http://blog.constitutioncenter.org/2013/05/quinnipiac-settlement-sheds-light-on-title-ix-compliance/.
- J. Brady McCollough, Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, Issue of boys playing on girls sports teams to be debated in PA., May 3, 2013; available at: http://www.post-gazette.com/sports/hsother/2013/05/03/Issue-of-boys-playing-on-girls-sports-teams-to-be-debated-in-Pa/stories/201305030285.
- James Bach, The Diamondback Online, Towson University baseball bailout assailed, Apr. 30, 2013; available at: http://www.diamondbackonline.com/news/local/article_505b55ba-b226-11e2-9254-001a4bcf6878.html.
- George Diaz, The Orlando Sentinel, Deplorable Reality: Mike Rice coaching adolescent girls, Apr. 21, 2013; available at: http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2013-04-21/sports/os-george-diaz-mike-rice-0422-20130421_1_mike-rice-aau-girls-team-coaching.
- Maryclaire Dale, Associated Press, Waterloo Cedar Falls Courier, Philly archbishop to allow coed youth football, Mar. 15, 2013; available at: http://wcfcourier.com/sports/football/philly-archbishop-to-allow-coed-youth-football/article_63eb8d3e-8d32-11e2-8914-001a4bcf887a.html.
- Ashley Archibald, The Malibu Times, Malibu High lights raise Title IX concerns, Mar. 8, 2013; available at: http://www.malibutimes.com/news/article_98b1d6aa-881d-11e2-9a2b-0019bb2963f4.html.
- Maryclaire Dale, Athens Banner-Herald, Girl Fights to play in Catholic football league, Feb. 28, 2013; available at: http://onlineathens.com/faith/2013-02-28/girl-fights-play-catholic-football-league.
- Associated Press, USA Today, PA girl defends her Catholic football league play, Feb. 23, 2013; available at: https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2013/02/23/pa-girl-defends-her-catholic-football-league-play/1940991/.
- Huffington Post, Caroline Pla Football Controversy: 11-Year-Old Girl Fights to Play In CYO League in Pennsylvania, Feb. 22, 2013.
- Allie Grasgreen, Inside Higher Ed, Discretionary Discipline, Feb. 8, 2013; available at: https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2013/02/08/critics-point-double-standards-discipline-after-texas-coaches-affairs.
- Jill Martin Wren, CNN, Women’s athletics a battle for respect, Feb. 7, 2013; available at: http://www.cnn.com/2013/02/06/living/women-in-sports/.
- Grette Eliassen, ESPN, NGWSD: Grete Eliassen’s trip to Capitol Hill, Feb. 6, 2013; available at: http://www.espn.com/blog/espnw/archive/_/month/february-2013/count/31.
- Lizzie Halden, ESPN, Hats of to Hoyas, Jan. 23, 2013; available at: http://www.espn.com/espnw/athletes-life/blog/post/3056/hats-hoyas.
- Christian Red, New York Daily News, Pennsylvania governor Tom Corbett will sue NCAA over ‘unprecedented and aggressive’ sanctions for Penn State, Jan. 3, 2013; available at: http://www.nydailynews.com/sports/i-team/pa-gov-suit-claims-ncaa-crippled-penn-state-article-1.1231786.
- Roxanna Scott, USA Today, Ex-Olympian says escort work related to depression, Dec. 20, 2012; available at: https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/olympics/2012/12/20/suzy-favor-hamilton-worked-escort-las-vegas/1783279/.
- Kelly Whiteside, USA Today, Document details alleged abuse by speedskating coach, Sep. 28, 2012; available at: https://usatoday30.usatoday.com/sports/olympics/story/2012/09/28/document-details-alleged-abuse-by-speedskating-coach/57849402/1.
- Erik Brady, USA Today, Allegations of coaching abuse not unique, Sep. 17, 2012; available at: https://usatoday30.usatoday.com/sports/olympics/story/2012/09/17/allegations-of-coaching-abuse-not-unique/57798202/1.
- Assoicated Press, ESPN, Penn St. facing more legal trouble?, Aug. 29, 2012; available at: http://www.espn.com/college-football/story/_/id/8314475/another-legal-headache-penn-state-nittany-lions-title-ix.
- Guido Vitt, ESPN The Magazine, Women Who Will Change Way Sports Are Played, Aug. 15, 2012; available at: http://xgames.espn.com/xgames/espnw/title-ix/article/7993164/espn-magazine-ix-women-change-way-sports-played.
- Talk of the Nation, NPR, What Life Holds For Athletes After The Olympics, Aug. 14, 2012; Available at: http://www.npr.org/2012/08/14/158778056/what-life-holds-for-athletes-after-the-olympics.
- Samantha Shapiro, ESPN, Caught in the Middle, Aug. 1, 2012; available at: http://www.espn.com/olympics/story/_/id/8192977/failed-gender-test-forces-olympian-redefine-athletic-career-espn-magazine.
- Rob Trucks, Deadspin, How A Career Ends: Nancy Hogshead-Makar, Olympic Swimming Gold Medalist, Jul. 31, 2012; available at: http://deadspin.com/5930611/how-a-career-ends-nancy-hogshead-makar-olympic-swimming-gold-medalist.
- The Nieman Foundation at Harvard recognized Rob Trucks’ 2012 story on Professor Hogshead-Makar that included her rape in 1981.
- David Wharton, Orlando Sentinel, London Olympics: Women from three Muslim countries are pioneers, Jul. 30, 2016; available at: http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2012-07-30/sports/la-sp-oly-muslim-20120730_1_dalma-rushdi-malhas-saudi-arabia-london-olympics.
- Christian Red and Michael O’Keefe, New York Daily News, Penn State sex abuse scandal could push NCAA to take severe action against university, Jul. 14, 2012; available at: http://www.nydailynews.com/sports/college/penn-st-sex-abuse-scandal-push-ncaa-severe-action-university-article-1.1114475.
- Christine Brennan, USA Today, Blade Runner Oscar Pistorius in London Olympics, Jul. 4, 2012; available at: http://www.usatoday.com/sports/columnist/brennan/story/2012-07-04/oscar-pistorius-london-olympics-brennan/56020094/1.
- George Diaz, Orlando Sentinel, Penn State’s neglect in Sandusky case stirs memories for rape survivor, Jul. 4, 2012; available at: http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2012-07-04/sports/os-george-diaz-penn-state-rape-0706-20120704_1_tim-curley-joe-paterno-penn-state.
- Chris Jansing, Jansing & Co., MSNBC, Title IX: Beyond Sports, Jun. 24, 2012; available at: https://vimeo.com/44752039.
- David Barron, Houston Chronicle and Orlando Sentinel, Title IX proponents tout successes, say work is far from over, Jun. 25, 2012; available at: http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2012-06-25/sports/sns-mct-title-ix-proponents-tout-successes-say-work-is-20120625_1_university-interscholastic-league-neena-chaudhry-nancy-hogshead-makar.
- NPR, Only a Game with Bill Littlefield, 40 Years After Title IX, Jun. 23, 2012; available at: http://onlyagame.wbur.org/2012/06/23/title-ix-2.
- Christy Cabrera Chirinos, SunSentinel, Title IX: So much more to say, Jun. 23, 2012; available at: http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/2012-06-23/sports/fl-title-ix-anniversary-quotes-0623-20120622_1_nancy-hogshead-makar-title-ix-athletics.
- Vicky Fulkerson, Orlando Sentinel, Coast Guard Academy’s Stosz on 4th anniversary of Title IX: ‘Without sports, I wouldn’t be where I am today,’ Jun. 23, 2012; available at: http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2012-06-23/sports/sns-mct-coast-guard-academys-stosz-on-40th-anniversary-of-20120623_1_title-ix-nancy-hogshead-makar-40th-anniversary.
- Sen. Tom Harkin, Huffington Post, Forty Years and Counting: The Triumphs of Title IX, Jun. 22, 2012; available at: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/sen-tom-harkin/forty-years-and-counting_b_1619803.html.
- Christine Brennan, USA Today, Title IX, Now More than Ever, Jun. 20, 2012; available at. http://www.usatoday.com/sports/columnist/brennan/story/2012-06-20/brennan-title-IX-needed-now-more-than-ever/55715430/1.
- NPR, Weekend Edition Saturday with Scott Simon, In Sports Opportunities, Women Still Lag, Jun. 19 2012; available at: http://www.npr.org/2012/06/23/155622564/in-sports-opportunities-women-still-lag.
- Mike Cullity, ESPN, Equal Rights vs Title IX, Jun. 15, 2012; available at: http://www.espn.com/high-school/girl/story/_/id/8055704/massachusetts-era-allows-boys-compete-girls-sports-such-field-hockey-swimming-volleyball-gymnastics.
- Associated Press, ESPN, Team forfeits due to female opponent, May 11, 2012; available at: http://www.espn.com/high-school/story/_/id/7918253/girl-baseball-player-15-cited-opponent-forfeit-phoenix.
- Jim Halley, USA Today, Girls flag football grabs attention as growing sport, May 1, 2012; available at: https://usatoday30.usatoday.com/sports/preps/football/story/2012-05-01/flag-football-for-girls-grabbing-attention/54855278/1.
- Kate Fagan and Luke Cyphers, espnW and ESPN The Magazine, Five Myths About Title IX, Apr. 29, 2012; available at: http://espn.go.com/espnw/title-ix/article/7729603/five-myths-title-ix.
- Anna Clark, ESPN: Grantland, Hollywood’s Lady All-Stars: Title IX in Movies, Mar. 27, 2012; available at: http://grantland.com/features/a-league-their-own-million-dollar-baby-history-title-ix-movies/.
- Kayla McCulley, espnW, KaylaMcCulley––Departing with a plan of action, Sep. 28, 2011; available at: http://www.espn.com/espnw/w-in-action/summit/article/7032984/kayla-mcculley-departing-plan-action.
- Mechelle Voepel, espnW, College athletes are already getting paid, Jul. 18, 2011; available at: http://www.espn.com/college-sports/columns/story?columnist=voepel_mechelle&id=6739971.
- Petula Dvorak, The Washington Post, In women’s sports, nity of fan’s doesn’t stick around, Jul. 14, 2011; avaialble at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/in-womens-sports-unity-of-fans-doesnt-stick-around/2011/07/14/gIQAldiAFI_story.html.
- Amy Rosewater, USOC, Aspen Institute’s Sport and Society, Sport for All, Play for Life, May 16, 2011; available at: http://www.teamusa.org/news/2011/05/16/ohno-blackmun-discuss-youth-sports-in-washington/42329?ngb_id=3.
- Laura Gottesdiener, Huffington Post, Univeristy of Deleware Title IX Sports Cuts: Questions Still Linger, May 10, 2011; available at: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/05/09/university-delaware-title-ix_n_859737.html. “Blaming Title IX is like blaming a younger sister for family expenditure of resources,” said Nancy Hogshead-Makar, senior director of advocacy for the WSF and herself a former Olympic swimmer. “Men have been around for longer, but do you give the older child more resources just because he’s older?”
- Katie Thomas, New York Times, front page, Born on Sideline, Cheering Clamors to Be Sport, May 3, 2011. “As long as it’s actually operating as a sport, we welcome [the new sport of cheerleading] into the women’s sports tent,” said Nancy Hogshead-Makar, the senior director of advocacy at the Women’s Sports Foundation. Like gymnastics or figure skating, she said, “this is another aesthetic sport that if done right could provide lots more girls with legitimate sports experiences.” Available at: http://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/23/sports/gender-games-born-on-sideline-cheering-clamors-to-be-sport.html.
- Katie Thomas, New york Times, front page, Gender Games: College Teams, Relying on Deception, Undermine Gender Equality, Apr. 26, 2011. “The fraud is disheartening. Intercollegiate athletics are rare educational opportunities, subsidized with our tax dollars, which deliver superior lifelong returns on investment. When an athletic department engineers itself to produce only the appearance of fairness, they flout the law and cheat women.” Available at: http://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/26/sports/26titleix.html?mtrref=undefined&gwh=7713895BBC5F165229572029461378AF&gwt=pay.
- Team USA, IOC celebrates 100th International Women’s Day, Mar. 8, 2011; available at: http://www.teamusa.org/News/2011/March/08/IOC-celebrates-100th-International-Women-s-Day.
- The John Stossel Show, Fox Business, The Debate over Title IX, Feb. 3, 2011; debate with Allison Kasic on the impact of Title IX in collegiate sports.
- John Stossel, Fox News, Top 10 Politicians’ Promises Gone Wrong, Dec. 15, 2010; available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TsUZkxyYJUk.
- David Moltz, Inside Higher Ed, NCAA Considers Transgendered Athletes, Dec. 15, 2010; available at: http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2010/12/15/transgender_ncaa.
- Diane Pucin, LA Times, Group names Irvin high school in Title IX complaint, Nov. 10, 2010; available at: http://articles.latimes.com/2010/nov/10/sports/la-sp-irvine-title-ix-20101111.
- Gary Graves, USA Today, Experts: Brett Favre may have to answer uncomfortable questions in NFL meeting, Oct. 19, 2010; available at: http://content.usatoday.com/communities/thehuddle/post/2010/10/experts-brett-favre-may-have-to-answer-uncomfortable-questions-in-meeting-with-nfl/1 – .WRnWsBMrL6A.
- Sarah Netter, ABC News, Transgender Golfer Lana Lawlessues LPGA or Right to Compete, Oct. 14, 2010; available at: http://abcnews.go.com/US/transgender-golfer-lana-lawless-sues-lpga-compete/story?id=11881508&page=2.
- Associated Press, Fox News, Group favoring Title IX reform blames laws for shrinking opportunities to play tennis, Aug. 31, 2010; available at: http://www.foxnews.com/sports/2010/08/31/group-favoring-title-ix-reform-blames-law-shrinking-opportunities-play-college/.
- Associated Press, ESPN, Study: Number of teams shrinking, Aug. 31, 2010; available at: http://sports.espn.go.com/ncaa/news/story?id=5516733.
- Keith O’Brien, Boston Globe, She Shoots, She Scores, Aug. 1, 2010; available at: http://www.boston.com/bostonglobe/ideas/articles/2010/08/01/she_shoots_she_scores/
“There are skills learned in sports that are not—and cannot—be learned in other places: teamwork, winning and losing, learning how to put off short-term gratification for long-term rewards,” said Nancy Hogshead-Makar, a US Olympian who won four medals as a swimmer at the 1984 games and is now senior director of advocacy at the Women’s Sports Foundation. “These are the most important lessons that all kids take with them from the sports experience.”
- CBS Radio: The Michele Tafoya Show – www.wcco.com/tafoya.
- Erik Brady, USA Today, Women’s Sports Foundation stays upbeat despite revenue loss, Jun. 30, 2010; available at: http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/sports/2010-06-29-womens-sports-foundation_N.htm.
- Noah Trister, Associated Press and USA Today, Group raises concerns over Title IX, men’s soccer, Jun. 10, 2010; available at: http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/sports/soccer/2010-06-10-641226200_x.htm.
- Katie Thomas, New York Times, No Tackling, but a Girls Sport Takes Some Hits, May, 15, 2010; available at: http://www.nytimes.com/2010/05/16/sports/16flag.html.
- Mark Viera, The Washington Post, Department of Education Repeals 2005 Amendment to Title IX, Apr. 21, 2010; available at: http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/04/20/AR2010042004868.html.
- Associated Press, USA Today, Department of Education repeals Bush-era policy on Title IX, Apr. 20, 2010; available at: http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/sports/college/2010-04-20-title-ix-policy-repealed_N.htm.
- Katie Thomas, New York Times, Rule Change Takes Aim at Loop Hole in Title IX, Apr. 20, 2010; available at: http://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/20/sports/20titleix.html.
- Buddy Collings; Orlando Sentinel, Lawyers delay FHSAA suit, Aug. 1, 2009; available at: http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2009-08-01/sports/high_1_fhsaa-makar-hogshead.
- Katie Thomas, New York Times, Florida Drops Budget Plan That Favored Prep Football, Jul. 15, 2009; available at: http://www.nytimes.com/2009/07/16/sports/16football.html.
- Buddy Collings, Orlando Sentinel, FHSAA seeks to have suit over games reductions thrown out, Jul. 8, 2009; available at: http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2009-07-08/sports/fhsaa08_1_fhsaa-makar-school-districts.
- Buddy Collins, Orlando Sentinel, Judge does FHSAA a favor scheduling hearing after board meeting, Jun. 24, 2009; available at: http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2009-06-24/sports/hscollings24_1_fhsaa-board-meeting-board-of-directors.
- Buddy Collins, Orlando Sentinel, Group files lawsuit due to football ‘bias,’ Jun. 17, 2009; available at: http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2009-06-17/sports/fhsaa17_1_fhsaa-makar-hogshead.
- Brent Jones, USA Today Associated Press, Ed., Florida parents sue over gender discrimination in schedule change, Jun. 16, 2009; available at: https://usatoday30.usatoday.com/sports/preps/2009-06-16-florida-discrimination-lawsuit_N.htm.
- Buddy Collings, Orlando Sentinel, FHSAA feeling the heat, Jun. 13, 2009; available at: http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2009-06-13/sports/hs_1_fhsaa-makar-hogshead.
- Buddy Collings, Orlando Sentinel, FHSAA still ponders cutbacks in schedule, Jun. 10, 2009; available at: http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2009-06-10/sports/hs_1_fhsaa-makar-hogshead.
- Christine Brennan, USA Today, After turning pool into fountain of youth, Torres set for Games, Jul. 6, 2008; available at: https://usatoday30.usatoday.com/sports/columnist/brennan/2008-07-06-torres_N.htm.
- Christinne Brennan, USA Today, Kids’ swims are true trials for edgy parents, Jul. 1, 2008; available at: http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/sports/columnist/brennan/2008-07-01-brennan-comment-swim_N.htm.
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